NDA HISTORY: ANCIENT HISTORY | HISTORY FOR NDA 2 2026 | DEFENCE WALLAH

Jai Hind Everyone Jai Hind Carrots Jai Hind Vande Mataram Bharat Mata ki Jai Har Mahadev Aai M Prathamesh Ranjani and I defend you all On top of this amazing platform in Vala I welcome you very much. Ah Jai Hind Son, is my voice clear? confirm it Two or one times. My voice is coming clearly. I am visible, I am audible. Jai Hind everyone. Jai Hind, Vande Mataram. Jai Bharat Mata, Har Mahadev. Voice Clear Hey baby my voice and video both are clear. Join Corrects. My voice is clear Is? Voice video both are clear. Both If things are clear then confirm it. My The sound is coming clearly. I am appearing Yes, I can hear it. If Everything Is clear. I am looking great. Meaning My voice is coming out fine. I look fine I am keeping you. So let's start the session We people. But first confirm my voice. It is clear. Voice video both are clear. Both things are clear. The voice is coming clear Yes son. What is Voice Video Because? Only two things inside online sessions It is important. My appearance, of the content My appearance and my voice are right there with you. Arrive So I hope my voice is clear May have been. Just once I saw a thumbs up Two. If the voice and video are clear, if If it is clear then we start the session. And this is the Variant session for you all. For your NDA exam. This is one of the Mostant session. We can say people Because more questions are being asked from history now. I am appearing in NDA examination. And today we We are going to talk about the first class of history. About Ancient History We will talk about the ancient Is there history? Reality is inside What? We're going to talk about that Are. We will basically talk about some other things. What is the level of the question? What kind of questions are asked? The question we Let's see what is PYQS? So today we As much as Indian Ancient History Important topics for which we can talk Do about Maurya. Whether we talk About Mahajanapadas. Even if we talk Find out here inside the Gupta Empire What happened? Whether we talk about the Indo-Greeks Who was it? Questions are asked from here. whether Let us talk here about the fact that in our country What is the Vedic Era? We are very detailed There are people inside to talk. means one of the basic We will start reading with the timeline. What to do is, how to do it, how do the questions come, How to do things, we properly know this We are going to do it within the format. But still Tell me is my voice and video clear? Are you coming? Jai Hind everyone. Jai Hind, Vande Mataram, victory to Mother India. Everywhere Shiva. I I think my voice will be coming clearly. My Is the voice clear? The video is clear. Great. very nice. Is my voice clear son? The video is clear. So we start the session We do. and two or three before starting Let me tell you things clearly. Yes sir. Look, I have written about class notes. I told you already. You will find these notes How? Still Eye want to tell You Few Things. Your notes are ours These classes are being conducted by our power. Even if we talked about history. We took geography class with you guys. Is. Going forward, you will take a political science class. Will take. You took math class. Raj Sir's That was a very good class. Now these who Where can you find class notes? those? Available on top of the Physics app Is. Again, the surprise we have for you. had planned that this time Shakti batch What are we offering you inside? Free Test We tried to give it so that the test So that your complete revision is done. So When are you going to get the test? when you What things to remember when you enroll Are you going to meet me? You too should know about WR. I have to go now. Just go ahead and enter your number So you will enter the number SC there. Enroll this batch by typing Shakti Batch Can. And three or four things are available. Are. What things are going to be available? first thing Lecture notes will be available. It is necessary. Without What will you do with the notes, friend? It is important Getting lecture notes. Second, we who You are going to be given three mock tests. Two You will find the tests at the end. a test You will find it in between. He was found there will go and most importantly, as many Chapter wise PYQs are available, right? I will go to you. Look, this is the biggest thing. Whatever chapter wise of previous year All those questions were to be met by you. There are. Ok? So this is very basic Please remember this. Complete chapter wise You will start getting questions. How else have to do it? You will need to enroll Power over batch. Above the Physics app You will go. Shakti batch there when you name If you enter it then you can enroll the batch. So without any further delay let us get to the session. Let's get started. Today we are going to talk about About history. It would have been a good history What is? What is called history? As Today we will talk about the history of history. I will do it, right? Let me take off my shoes for a minute. Isn't it? Just Let Me Be Ready. let me get ready I also took off my shoes. Isn't it? Let go. Okay. Yes sir. About history Today we are going to talk. history would have happened What is? History means horror. ND If we look at history as per the exam Talking about history, history is normally We divide it into three parts. Three What are the parts? Listen carefully. We are starting from the basics. because Look, I believe this is Shakti batch, right? Revies There is a batch. I believe revises batch to Shakti It happens. But according to me, the whole child Whoever has prepared for the exam till now Not there. Who has not read from anywhere. Any Because of this, children do not study anywhere. That Shakti Batch is very important for the child too. It happens. You can also get selected through this batch. You can take it. So what? I am a little basic I will make you see how things are going to be Is? What are we going to do? How to read Are you going to? We're going to do things from the basics Are. Now look at the history we talked about. Go. We will divide history into three parts. Let's divide. What are the three parts? First is our ancient history. What are the things in Ancient History? Do you come? The most important topic of Ancient History. What are the topics? Look at the three or four important topics. Like our Indus in ancient history Valley Civilization being very important Going to do. If I talk to you after that Questions are coming from Mahajanapada. Yes sir Questions are asked from Mahajanapada. Its Apart from this, you will also see questions from Vedic Era. Are asked. Questions are coming from the Vedic era From also. After this two dynasties. Number One Is Mauryan Empire. and number second is Gupta. Questions are being asked from here. And What is even more important is happening? that the attacks on our country were For example, let's talk about Indo-Greeks. Kushanas, Karishka talked about them She goes. So today we are going to talk about ancient history. Talk about all these topics inside Are going to do it. The next after the Ancient Your lecture will be of the middle level. Midval what will we read inside or only You are talking about the Mughals, right? We will talk about the Mughals. Obviously the questions come from the Mughals. But The question which trended the most in the middle It is visible to see. It's been so long I am teaching. So Midval I have been with the Bhakti movement. remember this There are not many questions about Mughals these days. We I will read it, I will not read it like this. But more questions People of Bhakti movement will come. Many saints and Jainism and Buddhism I will also get it covered in the middle when I will arrange a devotional moment, so don't worry. Jainism could not be done with this. Buddhism could not happen, don't worry, that's us People will do it, besides that inside the medal you You will see a huge Vijayanagara Empire Vijayanagar Empire emerges as the topic Questions come, yes, questions come every time. Let's talk about the Vijayanagara Empire. When questions are asked from Cholas, they all I will do it all inside the middle of the new year. Part Cholas Many children will say Sir Ancient It is a part of Cholas but look at the ancient Part is cholas but it takes some time and I want to teach well or correctly. Yes, he will cover it in his middle. Because most of the things in medieval are medieval. It's not going to happen. And last but not the least Which is going to be the most important part That's your modern history. Modern What is the meaning of history? Gandhi and only Gandhi is not an Ara. About Modern If we talk about it then your entire Hindi In the examination, in which history from where All the questions that are becoming the most important for me in a manner. That is a modern history. Question There are more chances of becoming successful from here. So We are going to read this in two parts. Remember, it is going to be read in two parts. We will study it in two parts. Modern We will study history in two parts. Part One, Part Two Because There's So Much Detail Inside There are readers. And here we will talk about How did the Europeans enter India? They occupied India, how they ruled India. Start doing it, talk about it here Will be done. And again, remember that today we Talking about ancient history There are. And the same two things he always says Am. First of all, friend, wherever you are Have you read it? Doesn't matter. Doesn't matter. You may have studied from somewhere else, get taught by someone else. Doesn't matter. Look, everyone teaches well. that What I Believe. If someone is teaching then it is good He is teaching. But still, if you feel like it, you Reading from here is much better than this bus. The thing is. You will get quality content. So You must remember one thing. Make your own notes Please go. whatever you are reading now you Please make notes. Making your own notes Please keep it. Notes if you have them Just Update That Notes. update those notes Do it. No questions about watching the class Will be made. It will be made by revising the class. Keep this thing in your mind. Now in class How are we supposed to read? I will tell you How will we study? Look, there are two or three things. Obviously I will do the theory. obviously It is important to do theory. Theory Hum do. So first we will complete the theory. Now look, this time I have some things in theory. I have not brought it. The theory this time is nor in pictographic form What does pictographic mean? that Means I want you to see history. History If you see that you get bar writing notes Things are getting a little boring For. Today you will see history. graphical within pictographic form You will also see the history inside the form. Comics You must have heard about comics inside the form Read comics. Sir, this is what happened after that. This happened. History in comical form We will see. The notes are a bit comical too. are inside the form. So that a little interest yours Woke up. Secondly, after studying the theory, he Then the second thing within the theory, when the theory We will read, after reading the theory, on each page How many potential questions can be formed from where? Can you? We will talk about that. For For example, we read one page. Now Meanwhile, how can questions be created in one page? Are? What level of questions can come? We are his We are going to talk about it. remember this Cheese is important. So, questions on every page. Where will it be made? What is the weightage of which question? Will it be more than? We talk about it do. After studying the theory, we will Mind map of the topic we studied Will make. Mind Map I Think You Understand. What is a mind map? mind map Most important for your revision Is. So we're going to make mind maps. Are. And after the mind map, at last All the PYQs from the question All the PYQs that come from the topic All those questions that came from that topic from the question We're going to do PYQ. So this is The Way We're Going to Read. Now for the duration Don't talk about it. About the duration Sir, how much time will this take? C this is the latter The thing is. I haven't even started yet. I haven't even started yet. Now! If you are starting then for the duration We will talk about it later. So these things We are going to do it. Topic revisers Are. I will read the topic. See the meaning of revision It's not that I do it too quickly. Give. Obviously we read inside the details There are. and this class is Beneficial for NDA, CDS and all For exams. Whether you are preparing for NDA I am doing it, preparing for CDS. You are preparing for the CA PF. All Classes are very important for exams. It is about to happen. So Shall We Start? Start Do it baby. Start Carats? Yes sir Confirm, shall we begin? yes son It will also be useful for CDS. Let's get started Do it. The entire ancient history We are going to discuss important topics. Start by chanting the name of Mahadev, Har Har Mahadev, tell me, give me some time and we will start. Yes Yes, start confirming the carats. Times. Start Shell V Start. Yes, please see it once. OK, let's get started. Ok, let's go fine. your seat belt Tie. Control your emotions a little Keep it inside. In great detail We will read things in detail in history. I won't see how long it will take now. That's fine, that's fine, time is fine to read I got the opportunity to teach If yes, then I have also got the opportunity to teach Utilization should be done properly now that Let us also talk about ancient history let's talk about the history period If you do this, keep two things in mind. After every class, after every topic, I By giving slides of some important points kept that this point this point this point Important: Keep this in mind every After every thing, after every topic, he will meet me. You still have to remember some basic things. Please keep it. Look, when we look at ancient history Let's talk about a very big The question that is circulating in everyone's mind is, Sir. Here's how to remember the timeline by year Is it important? any number of times I read inside history whenever we Let's talk about history One question always comes up that Sir Do I have to read the timeline? of the timeline Meaning you understand sir, what year Happened? No there is no need. remember this There is a need for a timeline within the Ancients. But Just remember who came after this? For example, let's talk about Indus Valley What happened next? Vedic civilization would come. After the Vedic, the Mahajanapadas came. Mahajanapadas After this Maurya came. only these things You have to remember the chronology. Remember the Other Year There is no need to keep it inside the Ancient Is. Did you understand what I said? All children understand Go. Need to remember the year in Ancient You don't have it. So don't worry about your unnecessary thoughts. Apply. I don't remember myself in ancient times Keep. The questions that come in NDA this year. If we talk about NDA, then NDA's The questions that come about years. that normally You will get to see the inside of Modern. Questions related to years do not come in Ancient. So There is no need to go for the years that sir I will miss Eire. Reading Years I will To. And there is no need. no need Is. Did you understand? Is it clear? So this Get it out of your mind that you have to wear earphones, sir. No. Ok? No earwear here. Not there. So let's begin our story about. And the first topic We're going to read Which is one of my Favorite topic. My favourite topic is Both in teaching and in studying. Now a new thing had also happened regarding that. To you Remember some things happened. NCERT has now A change was made. Statue of a dancer I had found it. Where did you get it from? Indus Valley From civilization. Above that memory Indus Some clothes over the memory of Valley Celebration There was a ruckus about wearing the Vapeda. If you don't know about it inside the country If we talk, let's start with one such From the topic which tells about the grand history of India I talk about how in reality our Is it a country, the country about which the British He used to say that within the people of this country, he I don't have the capabilities to be in the world The country was able to make a name for itself when the British used to think that in our country we We are not civilized, we are wild animals Are. We don't know anything. When the British It was an illusion that those people inside this world has taken the contract that all the people Neither to civilize nor to civilize. Then India Such a civilization would have been revealed within Is. A civilization emerges that Clearly told the whole world that when British, when your ancestors used to do farming You were learning, not doing farming. Were learning to do it. And in many places you He didn't even wear clothes. get dressed now Had not even learned it. inside India at that time We were trading with the whole world. We were trading. at the time you People did not know how to do farming. We farm things and food and drink Were exporting to the world. at which time But you didn't even know that, sir. What are ornaments? what are the jewelry Are there? The women here are I used to wear kajal and go around with powder on. She used to wear gold jewellery. one such civilization Whose name is the most famous in the world Is. Why is it famous? Because the first thing It is very big. the world's largest Civilization and secondly, the most There is no advance more than this. Can. Meaning, there are still some cities like this in the world today. Are. Look at the piece, brother, the piece No, I understood who you were talking about. I have been. The piece also faces the Indus Valley I don't feel anything. So the topic about Today we are going to talk about The Number One. Topic which is really important for you Indian Examination is going to be yours Indus Valley Civilization which you can find in Indus Valley Civilization, Sustainable Valley Civilization, Harappan Civilization You know it by many names. Today we are in this are going to talk about. Now Indus Let me talk about Valley. I have studied. Before that, what is one of our own? See Before reading Isn't That What I Believe That for example, let us talk about me now I want to see a ship. Suppose the Navy I have to go inside to see some ship. I am looking at the equipment of the ship. So if I find out that these Which equipment is the most important? What equipment do you have? Who needs it more Does it happen? So when I read that thing I would like to read it in more depth. Am. The same thing is true here, when you If you are studying Indus Valley then in the exam Question: Where do you come from in Indus Valley? So this thing Remember where they come from. Watch Indus Valley Where do most of the questions come from? From important places. Places Meaning What did you get from whom? For example, after Where did you find the dancing? Bronze Key Where was the statue found? In the Indus Valley Where was the evidence of ploughed fields found? What did you get from where? question about it Let's come. The second question comes from Indus Valley. That question has been asked two or three times in Indus Valley. Has been asked many times. That question comes to Regarding trade. Where did you trade? What was being traded? coins Do they have it or not? And the third question Which is quite easy but also important It is about the language of Indus Valley. Now Remember the last time you asked a question from Trade It was that the seal of Indus Valley should be traded. It was used in. What was the seal made of? Was? So remember these basics in Indus Valley Please keep these things in mind. So Let us begin our story. How much time will it take to teach? I don't know I don't teach by looking at the time. the children who make me Let's know the all new. I look at the timeline Why doesn't he teach? So shall we start? Get started. Talk about Indus Valley to do. Indus Valley Civilization. Now a question It comes inside a very big brain. My It also comes to mind. Indus Valley I understood. Sindh Valley. Indus Valley Why talk mill because around Indus river Civilization develops. But a question arises What is the meaning of civilization? This It is called Indus Valley Civilization. See Not inside the world, not about the whole world If we talk about the whole world till today If we talk about ancient times, the old times Let's talk about. all over the world There are four major civilizations. four big It was civilization. Not yet, but They were big. Like talk about an example Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Indus and Hung Ho The Hung Civilization of China on the banks of the river. But the biggest among all these civilizations The world's civilization is only India's I am not talking about it. that is Indus Valley Civilization. But Civilization's What does it mean? Civilized People For example, Indians are Civilized. Yes, pieces are not Civilized. Got it, right? They are not Civilized. He is not civilized. So Civilization means such people Those who have a way of living. all their work I'm not going to say that It is disciplined but we do every work There is a way to. They are civilized. There are rules in their society. of the society There are rules and regulations inside. Remember this. Society There is a rule in. There are rules and regulations in the society. Wool They run the society by following the rules and regulations. Are. These laws are followed in their society. The most important and essential thing to do It happens. They know how to trade and He is practical. He developed the language Have done. He knows how to speak the language. They Trading Things That Mean Somewhere Somewhere they have developed a system that You can buy and sell things. Its Apart from their culture and their culture Pay attention to the. that is Civilized. So inside the world if I If I talk about the whole world, the whole The civilization in the world which is the most It was a great civilization, the greatest if I If I talk area wise, that is the Indus Valley. Civilization and here is that civilization. map and inside it you will see many You are going to visit important places. For example, let's talk about Harappa. It will be about Harappa, after that we Mohenjo Daro is a very important area. Then Balakot Dholavira Lothal These are the important things Indus Valley Civilization All the places are of Indus Valley, now all these We will talk about what in which place What things did you get, but the question arises How was this discovered, friend, it is very big This is civilization find out how Who discovered Gaya for the first time because look The British knew what they thought. When the British came to our country Used to rule. It was in his mind that brother India is their Alexander, Alexander Had come. I am not going to say Sikandar Great. Sikandar Bhai Sahib who came inside India He was a great leader of our country in India. The king returns after being defeated by Maharaja Purushottam Had gone away. What did history teach you? that the Maharaja on the banks of the Jhelum River Purushottam. He was named Porus. their The real name was Maharaja Purushottam. These Maharaja Purushottam and There is a war between Alexander and Porus Whoever it is loses. It was not so. I I ask you. Tell me one thing. If A man like Alexander, an optimistic man, The world has to be conquered. Call yourself Alexander I have been wanting to conquer the world. what is It is possible that after defeating a king he Do not enter India if possible Not there. butt What did it say in history, no sir, that Let's go like this what ever the thing whatever things We will not talk about that now. But The British only had this in mind that we People are uncivilized. He is inside us There is no capacity. We are uncivilized. I neither know how to read nor how to write. They So it was that after the arrival of Alexander Some things have started developing inside India. It's done. This was inside his mind. But Suddenly some such things happen that something like this The thing gets revealed. let the world know It is said that at whatever time in the world The world should think about farming Has been. The time when the world started building houses She is learning. At that time, the Indus River was located in India. People in the valley live in two-floor houses. Are. There is a well in front of every house. Roads 90° They are crossing each other. and roads were built Made of burnt brick. Do you understand the brick? Oho Burnt brick is a big deal. brick kiln After cooking in the civilization you are You are using that brick inside your homes. Inside. Not only this, the size of each reit Exactly the same here. Exactly Her The size of the reet is same. these things here But it was talked about. So let's go Indus Let's start talking about Wally. Now how to find the child? So look to find Let me tell you a little story. There was a person named Bhai Saheb. a story perhaps You must have heard that the picture is visible, right? If we read through such pictures then Things will become a little clearer. a brother There was a gentleman whose name was Charles Mason. These Charles Mason was. Find inside notes Will go. Now Charles Mason, this A very senior commander in the British Army Were. The British ruled India. This brother was very influential in the British Army. He was a great commander. Now they have to roam around It's a hobby. He is like, man, I'm trapped on That job. I am saying something, I am trapped in this Inside the job. This was their life I have got only one inner life. Life It should be taken out while rotating. Why in one place? One should earn one's living by doing a job. So these Bhai sahab resigned from his job He resigned and went out for a walk. Pakistan's claws reach while roaming around In the area. Where a large village It was Harappa. Now when they reach here So what did they see? Noticed something. Brother, you went on the donkey because If Pakistan is an ass then you understand, that's it. So I went there. what is there now They noticed that such large There are high mounds. The mounds are very visible They are very tall. And what about the top of the tees? Some houses are built like that? made of bricks Is. Some are made like bricks. Now these He saw things and he sat here I kept wondering if this could be it, man. There were things, there were not. But their minds I had no idea that much. So their It occurred to me that it might be possible that Alexander was Alexander Alexander If there were any big palaces at the time of the remains of will be here and about What did he do? Inside your book wrote. He wrote it in his book. Now At the time when he wrote in his book At that time he went ahead and wrote I also gave a report that I had gone for a walk. And I've Found Some Kind of Mounts. I found it to Mts. Now that No one paid attention to what he said at the time. Gave. But the question comes from here. This question It is said that for the first time Indus Inside the Valley Or let's talk about Harappa. of Harappa The big mountains inside were from Mt. big ones on top of which there are stones outside No, there were mountains of mud. Nispitou's Macan was made. to notice him for the first time Who was the man? So remember this You all know the person's name. their name Was the brother of Charles Mason. This brother Are. Ok? So the question will arise from here. Less This brother saw this thing for the first time. Get discovered. In 1826, Charles Mason Report for the first time that look at the big ones We can see the mountains. So number one The question will arise from here that if for the first time the question ND asked when he first heard about Harappa. Who first spoke in noticed that there was a place like Harappa and There could be a few things going on there. Mounts Noticed the. It Was The Charles Cunningham. Did you remember? Namaste, you will understand the name. Charles Mason Got it, son? This is A first class. Remember enough It is important. This is the first class. This Remember. Is it clear? Did you understand? Charles Mason is the name of this thing. Not Charles Alexander. Charles Mason Brother For the first time, the gentleman decided that yes, There was something here. Something was there. Some? There was nothing here. So it was a Charles Mason. Now a little bit of the story after that. And moves forward. As the story progresses What happens? There was one more person. This If we talk about the individual, then you all You may know that some time ago, It was around the year 1856 in our country. 1856 was not a very long-distance time. This What would happen on time? The minds of the British I wanted to connect India with railways. Why did the British want to connect with the railway? Are? It is a simple matter for India, my friend. Looting the country's goods and sending them to other countries To take inside, to take inside your country. Now what do we do for this? The British Appoint two brothers to build a railway line For. Both brothers were engineers. you will see John and William Brunton, both brothers engineers Were. Now what were these people doing? These people A railway line was being built from Lahore to Karachi. from Lahore His job was to build a railway line to Karachi. Make Now to build the railway line they I need bricks. They need the brick. need bricks Buddy. How will you build without bricks? oil is They wanted brick by brick. Now these I saw that the bricklayer was from a nearby labourer. Bringing it from the pit. near Pit all The workers are bringing bricks here. Now the brick So they brought the labourers here. I asked the workers where did you get the bricks from? had been? Where are you getting the bricks from? because It is not possible to place so many bricks in one place You can bring it from there. So the British Those laborers said, brother There is a pit nearby. from that pit We will take out the bricks and stones and bring them here. Have been. Now the report of this matter is given by both of them. The brothers looked ahead and here are some such There is space, something or the other can happen here. I mean, look, the second time I had a doubt whether something Nothing can happen here. so many How can there be bricks? Brother, remember little one To tell a story in the form of a story I told you that this was also a trend. When this railway line was laid inside our country The bricks that were being used even at that time The bricks used were from the Indus Valley. His What happens after? There is one more person. Now The question will arise from here. Remember this. Chapter Three: The most important point Comes. This brother's name is the most is important and is credited to To discover the Indus Valley. Remembering Questions If it were to be believed that the Indus Valley was actually discovered Who did it? Then this brother's name will come. His name is Alexander Cernim. Alexander Who is Cunningham? Very big. Very He's big. If If I speak clearly, it is very big. Archaeology is Veda. Very very very I won't say he's a great person, but he is a very He is a great archaeologist. There is interest To know these things. what do you mean Reports came to him that someone had In time we saw that Charles Mason had I saw things there. After that these two The brothers reported that something or other was there But it is. So what happens is this also there He goes and says, "Friend, I am here." I'll check out this spot where the hole jumped Nor from where the bricks were being taken out. I I will check this place out. And when this place They investigated here from Harappa. That place was the Harappa. From Harappa to Found a seal. Whose seal was found? Can you see it? This was a bull seal. Can you see it? Nandi A seal of the Maharaja was found. and six under the seal There was something written inside the letters. what was written Was? There was something written inside the circle. and this In time, we realized that this was something very big. It's a thing. It is a very big thing. They felt that Perhaps it is something from the time of Gautam Buddha. But later I understood that no Gautam Talking about even before Buddha Are. So in reality, the man who for the first time You searched for the one from Indus. If the question It became clear who discovered it for the first time. Used to be? Who told the exact things Indus What about Wally? The name of this brother was Alexander Kernigham. Will you remember the name? Yes Yes. Look at Alexander Cernigham. of 1872 The thing is. When this sealed note was found inside Harappa We do. They get the seal and on that seal Six letters were written. So Alexander Remember Cunningham, even before that this Had already. Had also gone inside in 1853. 26 of He went inside also but he got the seal in 1872. And when they found the seal, they understood that This could be the greatest civilization in the world. Is. So if the NDA asks you the question, Who is credited with discovering the Indus Valley? Will you go? Who is it brother? Alexander Cunningham. Will you remember? Did you understand? Is it clear? Remember this basic thing. Enough It is important son. First visited in 1853 Were. seal which It was found in 72, right? Remember to write it down Don't come and say that you met me at that time. Is it clear, kids? Did you understand? Is it clear? Got my point? Did you understand? Now look at the biggest thing on their mind. The matter did not bother grandfather. Grandfather Ji said, friend, I am a famous person. Meaning He is a very educated man. Grandfather said That you see, we will give them respect. He asked what is written on the seal? He had a problem with words. The word is What? Because I don't understand these words. Found. I couldn't understand the words and People say that the seal is big like this It was said that it was very important for them to understand the seal. It became difficult and they felt that no, here But there is something or the other and after that this Indus A search for Wally begins and The two biggest sites discovered after that were The first site I searched for was one of the biggest. It is said that Indus Valley was Harappa. Memory After doing so many things that first The site of the Indus Valley proper was discovered. It was The Harappa. Remember the first side you find That was Harappa and the discovery of Harappa Who will be given the credit? Are being given To Dayaram Sahni ji. This question will be asked Who discovered Harappa? Were? That is Dayaram Sahni ji. In 1921 Discover Harappa. So, the Indus Valley The first site that was discovered. So Which is the first site of Indus Valley? Harappa. Let me tell you one more reason. Harappa first site Isn't it from Indus Valley? This is the only reason that Earlier, Indus Valley was known as the site of Harappan Civilization. Was known by the name. Because there is a rule is inside the Archaeological Department that if If you discover a new civilization, then that civilization Named after his first site used to go. Now they will get the first site Harappa. So he named it in real. Gave the Harappan civilization. after that his It was a year later, in 1922. of India Rakhaldas Banerjee discovered the Indus of the most important site in the valley and that The site became Mohenjodar. So the basic thing Remember Indus Valley this way, son. seeking for. And when these searched sites So when published in a British newspaper What happened inside India? What Is? So literally his eyes were wide open. When they came to know about Mohenjodaro Neither did they understand what India was about. It is not what we think. India It is very big. Full Inside London News News Now Discover a New Ancient Civilization in India inside real paper There were things and at that time they felt that India which As much as we understand India, isn't it? Much further than that. and in this manner The credit for discovering the Indus Valley is given to Whom? To Mr. Karanigam. Yes. Which is the first city? What was discovered? Harappa. Which other find Went? Mohenjodaro. Did you understand son? Basic questions will come from here. very much so It's not rocket science. Now its special What is the matter? We will talk about that. But remember the basic things. Understood Went? Now the shape of the Indus Valley has been examined many times. Comes in. Look at the shape, if you look at it, Look at this shape of the valley. How is this shape Can you see it? The question of Indus Valley had come up. How is the shape? What is the shape of Indus Valley? What do you think? What is the shape of Indus Valley? Now take a look and tell me. me in the comments Answer. What is the shape of Indus Valley? Size I am not asking what. Shape of the Indus Valley How it is? What Kind of Shape Indus Valley Haz? Tell me. What is the shape of Indus Valley? Yes, tell me. What is the shape of Indus Valley? Say. Remember this basic thing that triangular Indus Valley which is it's a triangular Civilization. Or look, go from here to here Has been. It is going from here to here. Here It is going from here to here. So the Indus Valley is This raises a question as to what is the origin of the Indus Valley. How is the shape? So always remember Indus Valley Is a triangular civilization. after that one The question also arises that when Indus Valley If it is searched, then see its presence all over India The remains were found inside the fragment, Also found inside Afghanistan. So Indus Valley's sites are often asked whether Which is the northern most site of the Indus Valley? Is it C? Which is the southern most sign? Which is the eastern most? Western Most Which site is the most popular? So these too I will have to look a little. Like the example thing The northernmost point of the Indus Valley What is the site? This is about today's date If we talk about it, today is Manda. these notes It is very important to do it. the northernmost Most of these questions will come at the end. Which is the northern most site of Indusfulli? Is? That is the Mand. Where is Manda? Jain Where is Manda? Chenab River Jammu and Inside Kashmir. Talk about the South If you go then go to Dahimadabad. This has to be noted. Asked May go. Dahimabad is the largest site in South. And If we talk about the Eastern site That is Alamgirpur and the westernmost site Talking about today's date Which one will it be? Candor. Ok? So Remember this basic thing. Distance You Look at this 1400 km. It is from North to South. And if I talk East to West There is approximately 1600 km here. distance of Is. So please remember the distance a little. This The important point is to ask questions. Will go. Now the second thing is about questions and basics. Let us talk about Indus Valley. But the Indus Valley Civilization What is the timeline, the beginning of civilization? Where did this come from, this is a very major question in my mind. It comes and Sir, so much about this timeline There is confusion, doesn't it mean that only one question will come? When did the Indus Valley begin? Indus Valley comes to mind very often When did it start sir, it started 2000 years ago I believe in BCAD, you are BCAD's There will be information about Before Christ Remembered Isn't it Anadominy? I remember I told you in the first class, now One question used to come, how old is the Indus Valley? Sir, how much did it start from and If we talk about NDA exam wise If I do it then what should be the answer in ADA What is the real timeline of Indus Valley? Here is the timeline, let us understand the Indus Valley. About the Indus Valley You will have to understand some basic things before What are the basic things that Indus Valley is famous for? Why is it if I ask you why Indus Valley was so famous means this If we talk about civilization, Let us tell you that Indus Valley is very famous. All the things are inside the valley, so its I'll talk about the timeline. First I will talk about Indus Valley. About the Features of Indus Valley What do you think it is? Why do we It is said that civilization is so important for us For? It's very nice. very interesting There is civilization inside it. So this is being done Is. This is being done. Totally Fine Things It is very good. But what are the features of underwear? Is? Let's talk about the features. Number one feature that is the world's first it Is the world's first urban civilization. Yes sir. Remember this most important thing. The world's first urban civilization. It's a city, brother. There is a city here. It's the Urban Civilization. It is very important to note this Is. It is the world's first urban civilization. Meaning it is urban civilization. This is not a village. It's Not the Rural. There is a city in the world Pay. Let's talk about the city here. There are roads. There are roads. Jessa Rhodes is cutting a within 90° to the other such as today's date It happens in. The second thing these people do Farming and not farming. of farming These people are trading together. trade tax Have been. most closely associated with Mesopotamia The trade will be done. Thirdly, if Indus Let's talk about Valley. which of these If I talk about something very special, this is their town. Their city planning is very excellent. We We will talk about one thing and its Apart from this, these people do trade, so this trade Whose do you do it with mainly? Of pottery. that Meaning these are very developed people. Not so That some things are happening. large lot It is a developed civilization. When people in the world You are learning things and then you develop yourself. You are trying to expand. It is the developed civilization of the world. It is one of the Most developed selection of the India. World Not the India. the most in the whole world It is a developed civilization. So remember It has these features. Now, try these features Explore. I'll talk to him before About Indus Navy Indus Valley Timeline In. What is the timeline, sir? what is a Timeline? And I will tell you that I Before telling the timeline, let us know about these features. Why did I talk? Look, understand it simply Are. If I tell you very clearly. So two to three things in mind right now You will have to control yourself a little. Why keep Will it be necessary? Because there is a lot of talk about Indus Valley Everyone is confused about its timeline. What? What is the timeline if it comes to the exam? Do you want to write it, sir? We read this somewhere, I read this somewhere, I didn't read anything else. Today We will talk about what is Indus Valley? His What is the timeline? and its timeline To understand the three phases of Indus Valley We will have to talk about it. Three Face Three Face Meaning what is three face? Three Phase Indus Wally K. The first phase of Indus Valley was completed. Beginning beginning. When the Indus Valley slowly It is growing. when it was just beginning It is of civilization. So it is being said that Indus Valley has begun. Note this from 3300 BC. 3300 BC Indus Valley starts from here. Now When it starts, slowly slowly slowly Indus Valley continues to grow. Watch and learn Currently learning to make fine pottery Are. Learning to build roads. does not come We are learning slowly and gradually. So this Their initial face is their initial It was face. And how long did this initial phase last? Their initial face moves. note this To the point. His initial face went Up to 2600 BC. What is? It lasted until 2600 BC. Initial Fuzz. That is the initial fuzz that friend when We are learning these things here and Later, from 2600 BC to 1900 BC, their The mature face continues. Meaning of mature What happens? I have learnt all this. Now give There is no need to learn anything. here I have learnt all this. Meaning, good trade is going on. It has been theirs. Making nice pottery. Building a nice house. This is their maturity It's face. How long did the mature face last? From 2600 If you look at it, it will be 1900 lasts until BC He has a mature face. good mature What does it mean? what is the meaning of Mature face? What does mature mean? What is the meaning of major? Yes, tell me. Son, let me drink some water, give me some. I am coming. Give me a minute. Sorry, right? Yes, what happens now? 1900 Their mature face continues till BC. What does it mean now they are then you This mature face knows everything That means I enjoyed life in my mature face. She is going as if she is our own brother Learning slowly in youth We are learning to play, jump, and move forward After that it has been going on here, that is, since childhood. You learnt things till you were young and Inside you are enjoying life. mature Face. Now who knows what happens after this. Don't know what things are. And slowly slowly The Indus Valley begins to decline. Are. And sir, they say that by 1400 BC What about coming? By 1400 BC, the Indus The valley declined. Now here we are You get three timelines. I am getting three things. so many years We are meeting here. initial face It's yours. Minimum Mature Face Done And you would have declined in the end. Face. Three faces of Indus Valley are found. Now The question arises that from this the real timeline Which one is it? If India asked the question What is the timeline of Indus Valley? always Remember what I know about NCERT Should I talk about any exam in the world? If I talk about any book, Indus Which is the real timeline of the valley. of the exam If we talk according to the calculation, then it will be your 2600 From BC to 1900 BC. Remember this basic thing. This Is a basic time line. Now answer a question Give it to me. Two or three things about Indus Valley Things If I Ask You Indus Valley If I talk about it inside In which age does the Indus Valley fall? It Is in the Iron Age. It's in the Bronze Age. Would come inside. Is it in the Stone Age or no one? Indus Valley falls under which age? Tell At what age will it come? Tell me what is it? Look, this question will come and The answer to this question is that is the hey man I did not drive it for choice. ok ok Yes, tell me. Now tell me, I did not drive it. Tell me, in which age will Indus Valley fall? Question It comes very often. The question comes up many times. In which age will Indus Valley fall? Many more Age is inside the world. Inside the Paleolithic Age about the Stone Age, about the Iron Age Let's talk about it. We are part of the Chalcolithic Era. We will talk about. Indus Valley Kiss Age Does it come inside? in which age Indus Valley came In which age does the Indus Valley fall? The question is basic, child, but an important question. Will come inside the exam. Yes. Indus Valley Kiss Is it inside Edge? Very important question. It Is one of the most important questions. So this question Remember this. Whenever we talk about Indus Valley Whenever I will talk about the Indus Valley Civilization. Always Always Always Remember that thing that Indus Valley Civilization comes from our Bronze Age I am locking myself inside because I I climbed up a little late. Indus Valley Coimbatore in the Bronze Age civilization and these slides Most important to you It becomes sleeveless. Is it clear? Indus Valley Let's talk about. Clear even Is it done baby? Please confirm it. Even Is it clear? Is it clear? Let's talk about it further now Go and see some basics in Indus Value The things are inside the triangular shape. Size It is not important. Remember the date from when how long have. Thirdly, this is within the Bronze Age. It comes. You have to remember a basic thing. it is A Bronze Civilization. Did you understand? Is it clear? So the basic thing is Indus I will remember Wali. Did everyone understand? It is a basic thing. We have discussed all three faces here. But I did it. Now some special things about Indus Valley We will talk about this. Now comes the question What are the features of Indus Valley? Are you from Indus Valley? Features of Indus Valley What is it sir? If you have so many things Indus Valley is this and that. Now in the Indus Valley There were many names also. But now it's known as the Indus Valley. Why? Because what used to happen? Earlier, the sites that were available for this were only Found on the banks of the Indus River. of the Indus River Found on the shore. So this is called Indus. Civilization. But later I realized that There are many sites around the Indus River as well. But it is available. So now it is known as the Indus Valley Civilization. Now about Indus Valley Whenever it is talked about its importance The first feature that comes in the features is The best feature in my opinion is Its town planning That is its town planning we town Indus Valley's most important planning The best feature is town planning. What makes a city such a city means even today It's probably hard to create the best way If these people do town planning then Indus The first of Valley's basic features is its Town planning comes under town planning What will you read? You will read it first. About their forts which we call Settle Know by name. After that their Dunness Let's talk about the system. their Let's talk about bricks. of BRICS We will talk about it. Their importance Let's talk about cities. So Town Planning becomes very important. Now Let's talk about town planning. Look, I Just want you to imagine. A little comical are going to do it inside the form. Visualize I will get it done too. Now look at town planning. If we talk about Indus Valley, then town planning These ones of Indus Valley are so amazing. Just look at this map. You can see this picture Look carefully. This is their pottery. This Redware pottery is called. Will read it about. Good pottery makes good water Are. Red colored pot with black colored paint on it Perfectly carved and great Flipkart People used to sell it in the same way. Okay, fine. We will talk about it now. But most It is important that we teach their town. Their Look at the city, what a wonderful city you are. appear What are you seeing in the city, friend? Above It is made for some rich people. Perhaps some common man might be living downstairs. These Something looks like a choker in the middle. But Yes, I understand one thing, look at the middle I can see the roads. These roads are visible Indus Valley is actually the Indus Valley Time planning is the best in town planning What is the important thing? Look at the most The cities of Indus Valley are important Inke Town Keep in mind their city is remarkable. Planning means urbanization for them. Here. This city is of Indus Valley. Now their He gave these cities to their cities. It has been divided into parts. Two parts How have I divided it? There happens to be one Saddle. What does saddle mean? Upper Town. Fort Upper Town. This is Upper Town. Upper Town means where rich people will live. elder People will live inside the upper town. This is from the ground It used to be a little higher. It was on top of the mountain There was the upper town and below you used to have the lower town. Town. So they considered the city as normal. When cities are seen, most of the Cities or cities in two parts There is a divide. The first one will be your Upper Town. Above All the rich people will live in that area and The second one will be your Lower Town. what after that It happens that in the city, their upper town Lower Town if we talk about both There is a wall around the Upper Town as well. It is packed from all sides. Not that anything It is packed everywhere in Upper Town. Talking about Lower Town below Lower Town is also packed. But every city There is no Lower Town pack inside. Now the question One comes to Upper Town and Lower Town What is the difference? Look, it's a simple matter The rich man will be on top and the poor man will be below. Poor did not mean that he was very poor. Rich here means those people who That we do a very good business. Indus There is trade in the film. So, as an example Whatever Ambanis do, they are the ones who live on top. And normal showroom like yours If he is a shopkeeper then he will live downstairs. That Kind of People They Are. So remember one thing Keep that in mind, the first thing in Indus Valley If we talk about town planning If you do this then their time town comes number one. In planning. Look at this, that is a settlement. Means Upper Town and this comes to them Lower Town which is the most important. Second The thing that makes Indus Valley very special. It will make it very special. You will see this picture You can see this picture. look at this Picture. This is their Upper Town. Upper Town How it is? Look, this is Upper Town. Completed walls Is surrounded by. Look, it's completely surrounded by walls. Is. No one can come and go. you have to come If yes, you will have to take permission to enter. For. No one can come in. And look at this This Upper Town is like this above them. Their lower It is town. Lower Town, absolutely Normal people, businessmen, here Will work. Upper Town Lower Town. Now on the upper The difference between Town and Lower Town How big it looks. of Upper Town Look inside, how big the buildings are. Big buildings were built. and right there Inside the Lower Town, you can see small towns. Will meet. It is clearly understood that Financially, some things are different here. The rich man will be above the normal man. farming, petty business will give him permission to stay down here Was given. Secondly, if our cities If you look, you can see walls around the cities. The walls are visible. Absolutely The walls are visible. But some cities are For example, if we talk about Chanudaro. Chanudaro, an Indian has asked a question that Chodaro is one such town in the Indus Valley. There is a site in which the saddle was not found. Saddle what does it mean There is no town. It only contains Lower Town Is. Normally what we saw was that the Indus Valley Inside there is an Upper Town and a Lower Town. Is. But Chudar is a place. very important Is. Chudar is a place where clearly Let's talk about where there is no citadel at all. There's only Lower Town and you ND has PYQ. This makes sense It is possible that in Chudar It is a factory site. Maybe they'll make something If there is, then there is no need for Upper Town here. Was. Secondly, if your tax goes one more city Will come. That is Lothal. About Lothal We will talk about the one which is known as Port City. Will be known. First we will talk about Lothal. I talk. Lothal The upper part of It is a town but it is not certified. Meaning Around its upper town There are no big walls. what are the reasons Were? Let's talk about the reasons. But this You look at the picture. Some of it is being understood Picture? Are you able to understand the picture? Now their You should look at its other features. Indus Valley Of. These are their roads and look at the roads One is cutting the other at 90°. This is from this I was talking about it. Their roads Look how good their roads are. Their roots are intersecting each other at 90°. Look, the road is going. The road goes straight like this Will turn. It's cutting it at 90°. This pattern is called grid pattern. Note it down. Note it down. These roads are their These roads are based on this, On grid pattern. what is a grid pattern Is? When roads are at 90° to each other Would bite. It's not exactly 90, but these roads They intersected each other at 90°. Second If we talk about it, the roads are designed in such a way It used to be that the road would be cleaned by the wind itself. Yes sir. No one would have told you this. their The roads are designed in such a way that when the wind blows So the city is designed in such a way that the air blow away all the dust and clean the roads completely Will give. So much brainpower has been put into this place. After that, if you look at the Indus Valley Inside you see a lot of things. But Roads are very important for them. Me Looks like roads are very important. After the roads, look at their cities. Here you can see another system of yours. it What is the system? Of drainage. Look at the drains Are visible. house and how many floors is the house Are? Two floors. Note that the house has two floors. Of. And even if you talk about Mohenjo Daro Nor is there a well in every house in Mohenjodaro. every There is a well inside the house in Mohenjodaro. Two There are floor houses. Now look at his other special The thing is, there are rivers. Like there is a house. These are your There is a house. One house, two houses. Coconuts are taken out from every house. Has been. Such drains run under every house. Comes. And look, you will find it here. Can you see the drain? It is coming out from here. Coming out from here, the drain will meet here. and this All the drains are connected to a very large drain. From. It is a very big drain. taking a dirty pan It comes out. And this is called their Proper drainage system. and these drains No, it is not open. These are covered and After they were demolished, they were taken from their places. Look, these are cleaned by making manholes. So of the mess Also, make sure there is no dirt. This big It is an important feature. friend of the third feature Talk about those who my calculations The most important thing is their bricks. BRICS Normally I keep myself a big or small feature. Isn't it true that friend sir, if it is made from eight Are. Imagine yourself according to that time. I'm talking about three 3000 B.C. from today. I. I'm not even talking about 3000 years ago. Am. I am talking about 3000 BC. That These people are making bricks on time. Making bricks. Imagine making bricks Are. Making bricks. The size of the brick is same Exactly. It is not that any brick is made bigger. Didi, made some bricks smaller. brick excavator There is size. So look, you didn't even ask for the size. I will go to the exam. Remember the ratio of bricks Keep. 1 2 4 You have to remember which bricks Their Brix ratio was 1 2 4. So bricks of this ratio are being used and why is BRICS being used is because they want to make the home grid I told the system that I understood. I've talked about Wales. I talked about 700 Indus There were two-floor houses inside the valley. Remember this basic thing about Some of the basic features of Beta Indus Valley are Town planning is now in town planning What is it, there are some such sites in Indus Valley Which is asked by NDA every year It will come from each question. Indus Valley cities You must have heard about it. many You must have heard of the city. of the Indus Valley You might have heard about sites also. of the Indus Valley What is the most famous site? I mean, friend, this The building is such that it makes Indus Valley famous all over the world. I make you famous. means some man If you have heard about Indus Valley then this He must have heard about the building. What Talking about the building? I Tell. Tell me. Just think about this. That If any man in the Indus Valley had If you have heard about Valley then this He must have heard about the building. Is this the building of Indus Valley? Tell me. Who are you talking about? Think a little, think a little, think a little Like Hey, Mohenjo Daro is my site. Dear children, about building I am talking about, see every time NDA The question has been asked about this and obviously Dude, this building is also interesting. This is a building, this is no other building. That is the Great Bath, look at the Great Bath Talking about The Great Bat Hinds It is considered the most important building in the valley. It is believed. Not the biggest. Someone big And there is more. Which is the bigger one? Great Granary. Now! We will talk. This is one of the Indus Valley Most important and most discussed This is the building. The Great Bath. The Great The bath is called the Great Bath. And What is the first question that comes to mind? where is it Brother? Place Please find out. Where is it? About the Great Bath Talk to me. But what is it? The Great Bath is In your Mohenjodaro. To note. that is a Great thing. See the great thing? I I will also show you the real picture. Great thing Of. It is not that I will not show the real thing. that Is a real picture. Look at this real picture That is a great bath. There is the Great Bath. Great What does bath mean? This is at a height Is. Now what happened in this? In the Great Bath This place is full of water and water is full remains. People used to take bath here. taking a bath Why were they? We don't know the reason yet. But In hypothetical situations, historians have I agree so. See how it's all the reality will be. But the Storians have accepted that here Ritual talks were conducted. Ritual talk What does it mean? Before performing the puja The man is taking a bath. Ritual talk is done Was. After that you will see water coming from here Was. Where will the water come from, sir? Great thing? Water used to come from here. Can you see it? it It was like a drain, and the water came from here. He used to come inside. Water used to come from here. from here The man will jump. Take a shower and go back Look to the side, there is a changing room on the side. These are the changing rooms. The changing room is It will look better in the picture. appear The children are in the changing room. These changing There is room. Look, water is coming from here. here Water will come from Come over here and see this There is a changing room. changing room changing clothes were for. So remember the basic thing. Son, the south side here There were changing rooms. Ok? here Look from the North, now you have taken a bath from the stairs Took. You have come here sir and now South is not here. You will find the changing rooms in. These It is most important. After that, the big The interesting thing is that look, if water If you put it in the brick below, the water will come down. It will flow away. So what did these people do? By applying a layer of tar properly kept. There is a layer of gypsum. Gypsum and brick Kept it in a layer so that water does not come down. our We will read and talk about everything. But That Is the Most Important Building Which Endley will ask questions about. What Is? Great Bath. About the Great Bath What things do I have to remember? Number one memory Where should I keep the most important thing? Indus Where in the Valley is it? It is inside Mohenjodaro. The second thing is to remember the size. there is No need size wise, don't miss it. so much detail I don't come. Still, who cares about anyone? I am saying that Sir, I want to know. I need to No about the Indus Valley because I want to Became a historian. So he can know that Indus Valley which is the grade bath if I Talking about the length, it is 39 feet long. Was. Talking about the length, it was 23 feet wide and 9 feet by 8 feet deep. So remember the depth Please take it. After that I told you below that Use gypsum and mortar in it. coating Installed a gypsum motor so that water Don't go down. Apart from this, let's talk about the side I talk to the room and beyond Rituals were discussed. Hey, a historian He is an American, he is an American historian. he always He always means he always, how do I say it now? Dude, look, look at the water, water normally It is said that it is brought from gravity technique. What water pipes would have been put in from above and From here, after putting the pipe, it came in such a way that the pipe Water starts coming from here through gravity. It must have happened. Now this guy is American. The historian says that whatever you Great thing isn't it used to be For human sacrifice. I don't believe in that thing But he says that it was used for human sacrifice. We do. What does human sacrifice mean? He says that brother, before killing the man What did these people do? Bathe the man. The man has to be killed. The army had to kill the man. bathe him before and after bathing They used to beat. I don't believe in that thing. Many things were done to defame us. Is. Whatever the Thing? So you are a great thing Remember. After that, the second one of Indus Valley It is the biggest building Of the Indus Valley. who are you talking about Are? This is the largest building in the Indus Valley. Is. That is a great greenery. remember this It is the largest building. If the question NDA asked Indus Valley's largest Who is the building? That is a great greenery. the huge granary huge There was a bathroom. These huge granaries of food To keep. The Great Greenery. I understood the matter In? Greenery means storing grains. There is a building. Look inside Mohenjo-daro The prop is made of brick. and up in it These people store grains. Grain Look Grain Up Why are you keeping it? Because of the flood. straight The thing is. It will wash away in the rain. Its size Has given. Do you want to remember the size or not? Size Don't want to keep it. In addition, a building and Is. It is asked to look into it sometime. No So no, there is no problem. should be asked So see. A building in Indus Valley Is. That is a two rose of greenery. six each There are rooms inside it and grains in every room Used to fill it. These six rooms came here. Six rooms You have come here. Grain was stored in every room. This place is inside Harappa. Just its place Remember that if two roses of sis Greenery asked you to that is in the Harappa. This is inside Harappa. This Harappa is inside. Is it clear? Did you understand? It is inside Harappa. So it's a very basic thing Is. Remember this. This is about the Indus Valley. Great things are going on. Understood Are things happening? Keep noting what it is telling you Am. Okay, now some sites of Indus Valley. Aren't those sites of some river or the other? It is on the shore. This is the complete list. You can see it I don't have to remember everything. But at least two or three So you will remember it. I am not talking about everyone. Two Remember three. Like Mohenjodaro, Indus River It is on the banks of. Harappa on the Ravi River Lothal is further along the coast. Bhogawa only atleast Remember three. Things about the rest I am not doing it. Remember at least three. at least three You have to remember this. Is it clear, child? Understanding Am I here? Now the buildings of Indus Valley We have talked about it. Now Indus Valley Let's talk about the second dimension. Talk about another dimension. from him First one more place has been found. R 37 Symmetry. What does symmetry mean? Did you find the cemetery, brother? of Harappa There is a ghost story about this nearby. I told you in the classes. Yes, I remember No? So the R37 symmetry is from Harappa. Found it inside. What's wrong with that, you poor fellow I got too much. Let us now go to Indus Valley We have already talked about the first feature. Now about the second feature of Indus Valley Let's talk. Then before that I was in a city which is the biggest city of Indus Valley. It is a famous city. Seeing this picture, what Remember the name of the city? Hey, I wrote the name Here it is of the city. According to me this Chances of being asked questions from the city are high It becomes so because this city is now Nor was she in the limelight much. of this city The name is Dholavira. Where is Veera Sundarveera from? Is? Sundaraveera. Ahmedabad. Where is Ahmedabad? Is? In Gujarat. So where is Dholavira? Is? Inside Gujarat. very interesting The site is of Indus Vaiwali. it's in the Gujarat. Now what is the specialty of this site? You Can you see it? Look at the place where Dhulawira is located. No, basically that is the Thar area. This is the Thar area. At that time, Thar It was very spread out. That is the Thar area. Now it is difficult to store water there. It was difficult. And the people of Dholavira Are very remarkable people. He brain Vamak Laga and Dhulawira are famous for its water For the management system. I mean look What did he do? Dhulawira dams were built In. Look at the dam, it stores water during storms. Are doing. This is due to its water management system and you probably believe You won't do it. UNESCO Notes inside It is listed under UNESCO as a World Heritage Site The site has been given status. So what is the question Do you know? The question clearly arises that who is the brother? Sea Site is famous for its water management Was? It was the Dholavira. Take note. of note I will tell you inside. Which site was like this? Where a sign board has been found. This sign The board is visible, it is a sign board. 10 in this The letters are written. Isn't it? This is from Dholavira Found a signboard inside. Now what did it write? Is? Look at this, maybe because of the stadium A huge stadium was found in Duvira. So You also got the sign board from a distance. So Three things to remember about Duhavira Please keep it. First of all, why is Dulavira famous? Na it's for Sundarveera for Gujarat Famous for this water management system. Second Famous Because Sign Here Got the board and the third one is famous because It has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site It has been given status. Did you understand? See Whoever wants to read from this can read from that. Whoever wants to read this, read it here. It is also written. Same thing that I wrote Son, the same picture inside that picture You will get the thing here. Look at the sign Show the board. Look at this signboard here. Is. Ok? Remember this. So the basic things There are a lot of interesting things to remember. Which can be asked in the exam. Is it clear, baby? Did you understand? Well, apart from this there is another site, I We will talk about it. and that site too It is within Gujarat. and I think At least these two to three sites It is important to talk. Create your remaining features Before that. This site is your Lothal. of Lothal Let us know about it. It is a great site. very nice. Lothal. Lothal Port City It is located in Gujarat. Lothal is a port city. Look what it is? Just two stories about Lothal. Three things are important. what is important Is? The first thing is that the world's first The artificial dockyard is inside Lothal. What does artificial dockyard mean? Is? Artificial Dockyard meant Look at that world, there is one good one What is a port? Do you understand or not? Oh brother, you have to join the Navy. Na port Who do you call? Dockyard Know What It happens? What is called a port? Monkey Sir, where I live is not a port. That is not a port. What is port? Where ships stop. Now look at the port One is natural. What is natural It seems that water like sea water is coming and the water was like this and after that You made a little stand like a ship They start coming there. Artificial means that you Dug up the ground. Let's say right here There is land. There is no sea here. So this whole Will dig the ground. So how far is the sea? It will go further than this. So Lothal is No, Lothal is an artificial dockyard. people dug up the land and pushed the sea forward over there. I had so much intelligence. think about that I don't have any JCB at the time. Any There are no tools. This is not a small matter. Please understand. Nothing at that time Is. How many big machines today, even then You have no interest in digging this sea. digging the land near the sea How many of your machines are broken? Will go. Now my question is whether Lothal is What? Lothal is located in which state? to me Tell. First tell me Lothal in MP B UP is in. Is C in Gujarat or D? Rajasthan Is there Lothal in me? First tell me the question, Lothal What is it? Where is Lothal? Yes sir. Hi Hi. Where is Lothal, the support city? Lothal Let's talk about. Where is Lothal? Tell me quickly. Look, it is a simple matter that Lothal Is in the MP. Lothal in Madhya Pradesh Is. Lothal is in MP. Isn't it? Don't Worry. It is in Gujarat only. Don't worry. Lothal in the Gujarat. Where did you come from in MP? Will you go? So this question can also come up about Lothal Look son, there are 50% 48% children in Gujarat. Talking about Dokyat, the most If Lothal is an important city, it is in The Gujarat Lothal is located inside Gujarat. Things to remember: Firstly, Gems Jewellery The world's first was normally made here Artificial Dogaya Dockyard is the world's First world's first I only here in India I'm not talking about the world's first There are artificial dockyards all over the world It was not like this, look what we did, this sea It was the water of the earth and the sea They brought the water till here. So this is the basic It's a thing. Remember about Lothal. Ok? Did you understand? So remember this thing Keep. About town planning I have talked about it. Now some other Indus Valley Let's talk about aspects Which is important to talk about. And This is where the questions come from. like the Indus Valley In other aspects, the first When the aspect comes, I will tell you mine. What We are going to read this way. the first one The aspect of Indus Valley comes, that will come about their government that the government How are the workers there? Do They Have the King And is there a Queen or some things? We We will talk about that. After that we Let's talk about Indus Valley Regarding the language, what language do the people there speak? Who do you call? Language is also very important Is. What is the language of the people of Indus Valley? Is? We will talk about that language. After that we will talk about Indus Valley. About religion or what is their religion? Which religion was followed by the people of Indus Valley? Are? Religion is important. Then the Indus How is Wally's trade? Trade Coffee It is important. Who are you trading with? Are? If you are trading, how are you doing it? Are? And within the trade itself you have a big The important point comes from Indus Valley Seeds. C After that we will talk about Indus Valley. I will talk about the science and technology of Indus Valley. About technology. In the Indus Valley Science and technology is also very advanced. So these R The Basic Things. We will start reading one by one. And in between we will read about the Indus Valley About Art and Craft How is the craft of Indus Valley? because If you are selling things, you will never Why would he buy it? Let me ask you a question, if You If I Want to Buy Something I From Will I say bye? From whom will I purchase? hey i I will purchase it from someone who knows how to make it. Is. If I want to buy a pottery. Pottery Agar I'm going bye so I want pottery Which is very nice and unique. something which is Very unique, not available in my country Only then can I import from another country I will do it. If that thing is available in my country If so, I will import it from another country. What? can't. The same thing is here that the things of Indus Valley are pottery Valley's. Bead making of the Indus Valley There are factories in Beed. What is a bead? I will tell you. Exports worldwide We do. Basically inside Mesopotamia. Will export to Mesopotamia. Question Will come from Mesopotamia. I will tell you if you ask I have a question what comes up. So about these Knowing how to talk is real for us. Not normally like this but bigger for yourself It is important. So let's start. First of all let's talk about Indus Valley About the government. Meaning, it's a simple matter Let's talk about their political system. Look, let's talk straight about the king and queen. It doesn't seem to be the case here. We Don't New We don't believe we don't think that here It will be a case of king and queen. may as well It may not even happen. But it is said that inside the Indus Valley, which is the largest He is a businessman who will be the biggest businessman. The merchant would rule the city. Might Be Possible and how we said it Where did we find a statue, this statue This statue is of the Prest King. Where did you get it from? I will write Mohan instead of Mohenjodo. So understand that this idol is obtained from Mohan. Statue similar to Mohenjodaro found You look inside the King's Priest King Well, brother, he has kept a beard. Since then it is being kept inside India, so look This brother has kept a nice beard. Look at the nice shawl she's wearing with the shawl Look above, the flower and leaf design is made. These The statue is of Price King. Now I understand this It seems that yes, there was something. What was we not I know, but there was something. But the worst thing is It was that he did not know how to fight. In the Indus Valley Statue of Priest King found. But we don't Find Any Army. The people of the Indus Valley I didn't know how to fight. Indus Valley, not the Army Inside. There is no warrior class then There. There is no warrior class. that the people who fight are from the warrior clan No. And the second thing to remember is the Indus Valley People have knowledge about gold. Is. Yes, it is. About Inko Silver Have Information. But the people of Indus Valley There is no information about iron. Why Isn't it son? Because iron dates back to 900 B.C. Came around. So the people of Indus Valley used iron Don't know about. Remember the basic thing Please keep it. So if I look at the political system We Can Say That Yes The political system is correct but hypothetical. In this situation, Might B which is the biggest The businessman must be from there. He might Be the leader of that country and that area. Not the country but the area. Now let's talk about the second Know about the religion of Indus Valley. Religion If we talk about religion then If we talk about Indus Valley then religion Do these people follow him? Yes, they do follow him. Are. How did you find out about this religion? Do you follow? Look, I found out because We found out that there was someone here There is no temple. There is no temple in the Indusly. There are no temples in the Indus Valley. You You know about this, right? Indus Valley There is no temple in it. we don't have the Temples. We do not have temple symbols We do not have any temple or temple near us. Is. But the second thing is that the people of Indus Valley The God whom you are worshipping Pooja today is not for the whole world but for half She does more than the world and everything from within We believe in them. Who should I talk about? I am talking about Mahadev. People of the Indus world worshipped Shivalinga. Are. There is a difference between Shiva and Shankar. Remember Nor did I tell it in the classes. there is a Difference between Shiva and Shankar. Shiva is formless Is. Shankar is the shape of Shankar. Both are very When Shiva took the form of a shape Jaaye that is a Shankar. When Shankara is formless If he goes, he is Shiva. So basically whom should I follow? Are you doing it? This worships both Shiva and Shankar. We do. These are gender washers. Felua Worshippers means worshipping the Shivalinga Are. Let me give you an example, I will show you Inside you pictures. Look at this it looks He is worshipping Shivling. Where Brother, look inside the pictures Shivling was found. Worship the Shivalinga. We worship the Shivalinga. Worshiping the Shivalinga Have been. Secondly, if we talk about Indus Valley If we talk about it, then apart from Shivling, this is a They worship one goddess and another. And this goddess Isn't it available on every side of the Indus Valley? Is. This goddess is Mother Goddess. This goddess is Mother Goddess. She is Mother Goddess. This goddess is Mother Goddess. Let's talk about Mother Goddess. Mother What is a Goddess? This is Mother Goddess. Listen to me carefully. Mother Goddess is a goddess it occurs. And whose goddess is this? Goddess of nature. Now one thing becomes clear from this, Indus Valley About this. Listen carefully enough It is important. One thing about Indus Valley is that It is understandable and people also say And it is also true that Indus Valley was the Matrianchal Society. What does Matrianchal Matrianchal mean? It happens? What is Matrianchal? Indus Valley is a matriarchal society. Indus Valley It is matriarchal. what does matrianchal mean It happens? It is matriarchal. because here People are worshipping the goddess more. Matriarchal means that family The head is a woman. There is no man. As The head of my family is my father. Mother said, son, go away. But dad I don't have the courage until I speak. It would have been. That Means Family Head Dad Our. My father told me not to go Meaning don't go. But when it comes to Indus Valley Let's go there, mother said, yes go son Go away. So even father cannot say anything. That Kind of Thing Was There. So understand this From whom does it come? Because of this Devi The puja is being performed. And look only at the goddess Not doing puja. Also look at We will worship the Peepal tree with great enthusiasm. is visible This is some statue seal. Peepal tree in it The tree is very famous for this. Look at the Peepal tree We still do puja today. So somewhere The people of Indus followed the Sanatan culture. Are. Apart from that we will worship nature. Animals are being worshipped in nature Is. Many things are being worshipped. For For example, temples were not found. Remember there is no temple. Then nature is being worshipped. Look at the flowers of nature If we talk about worshiping It is of nature. Worshiping the tree Worshiping nature and animals Doing worship and worshipping the Shivalinga Have been. Worshiping the Lingam Shivalinga Are. Now apart from this, what we have to do from here The most evidence found was very shocking. Those who are going to pay the tax are available through havan. Normally what do we think about havan? Beginning of Yajna Beginning of Vedic Civilization that happened after the Vedic Vedas Vedic Civilization comes within India. Aryans Will come to India. After that Sanskrit India I will come. After that we have Vedic We read the Puranas and then went to Yajnavan. Start doing it. But two places in Indus Valley But fire altars are found. in two places What is the meaning of Agnivedika? Oho Evidence of havan is being found. will perform havan Will perform havan. Havan being performed in Indus Valley In. And what are the other two places? See Kalibagnor and Lothal. From here we have to go for havan. Evidence is being found. Fire altars Have been. Agni Vedika means the place for havan Evidence is being found. note this thing It is very important. Evidence of havan found Have been. Havan is being performed. Swaha Havan Is being done. Fire Altars here If found then the question will be raised from here. Note it down. Where I made the star, the question was there Will be made from. So note this that Agni Evidence of vedika was found in Kalibagne. Kalibagne means black bangles. Do you know Kali Why are they called bangles? to that area Kalibana is located in Rajasthan. Htend There are stories. I'm not going to tell you Right now. Because this is Shakti Vaish and We don't have that much time, I will tell you the Stories End I get things done. It has been told inside the classes. Let's go but yes Remember these two places of Agnivedika. Agnivedi were found. After this this Shivling worship of. But they worship Pashupati's too. Who is Pashupati? you know Are? He is worshipping Mahadev. These It was called Protoshiva. He was called Pashupati. Give Worship the Proto Shiva Pashupati. of Pashupati What does it mean? what is the meaning of Pashupati? Who is called Pashupati? Tell Should I drink some water? a little. What is Pashupati, son? We When I said they worship Pashupati then What does Pashupati mean? who are Pashupati? Who is called Pashupati? Pashupatinath: Yes sir. worshiping mahadev Are. Pashupati means such a person The God who is worshipped by all. Isn't it? h Whom everyone worships, gods and demons Gandharva demon doesn't matter. animals too Will worship him. Even animals did not have them. That's what Pashupati Mahadev talked about Is going. It doesn't matter if you are an animal Yes, you are human. To look at everyone equally. So, we are worshipping Shiva. Mahadev is being worshipped. See how you find out Is. A seal has been found inside the Indus Valley. Many These seals have been found at the place. Like Mohan This seal was found inside the separation. Now this seal Inside you see a person sitting and this It is Shiva. This is Mahadev basically and he has three Horns are heads. Meaning, he has three horns There is a crown on top and four animals around it. Is. You will have to remember the names of four animals. Who are the four animals? Elephant, Tiger, Buffalo and Rhinosaurus. And remember, these two deer It is also inside the foot. So I understand this thing I feel like worshipping them too. So This is the religious aspect. I hope you understand I must have come. Is it clear son? Understanding Am I here? Is it clear? Did you understand? Is it clear? ok now let's talk about it Learn about the art and culture of the Indus Valley In. Explore the arts and crafts of the Indus Valley The people of are far ahead. We are far ahead. Yes, make it from here, son. Gupta K. Make it from here. of the Guptas I will tell you the notes. Gupta's notes here Make it from Don't worry. ok now let's talk further Should be done in Indus Valley? Now if we talk further If you do, then the art and craft of Indus Valley too It is quite famous. Meaning of art and craft What happens? Look ahead, Indus Valley ahead Why did it increase? Because it is in art and craft These people are far ahead in this. Art and The meaning of craft is simple, that friend, this All the people who are here in Andaswali Really remarkable in their work. Now their What is the work? Inside Arts and Crafts They are quite ahead. Meaning of art and craft What happens? Will anyone tell me? what is Meaning of art and craft? When I Art If I am saying end craft then what does it mean What is? What is called art and craft? Is? Tell me. what is the real meaning of Art and craft? Whose art and craft Do you speak? What is art and craft? Pottery . Look, only pottery in art and craft I don't know. Many things come into this. What do we get in normal art and craft? It seems that pottery is not watery but pottery I don't know. But before that let me tell you one thing. The people of Indus Valley also considered this animal to be large. Considered sacred. One Horn Ryno. you have You must have heard about unicorn. Have you heard of unicorns? what would a unicorn be Is? Do you know what a unicorn is? One An animal that has a lion. like this They also worshipped the animal. Now look There is no animal with a lion. One I am not talking about the lion or the rhinoceros. There is no such animal with a lion. Whose place has a lion and a horse-like It is visible. But that's why we will worship him. Nandi Maharaj is also being worshipped. See It's the same thing with the letter ch. Art and Craft It is a simple matter when it comes to that the potteries they make, their potteries It is very famous all over the world. And The question arises as to what their pottery will be called. What is the pottery called in Indus Valley? Their pottery was called the Great Redware Pottery. It is enough to note It is important. They made redware pottery. Which is quite famous. See why Redware Where are you going? Red colour from Polished Pottery Made pottery, made a good mark with black color Given and it is being polished. being polished. This would mean that Hey child, listen to this carefully. it is Unique. that is that it is not the case that every house in the Indus Valley You will find pottery inside. that is Unique Pottery. Very unique in the world There is pottery. which will be called Radware Pottery. Redware Pottery. Secondly, Indus Pottery wasn't the only thing found in the Valley. Pottery Apart from this, one of the best things about Indus Valley I found something inside that people talk a little about. We do less and it is necessary to do it. This is the Bronze Girl. These bronze statues also Make it. It is called the Dancing Girl. Is. Have you heard about the statue? of this There was a dispute going on about it. tell them Why didn't you wear clothes? The Dancing Girl statue. This is a bronze statue. It was called Dancing Girl. About this Two to three things are asked in the exam Inside. Where did you get the idol from? From Mohan. Mohan After is the thing. Mohan means Mohenjodaro. So Statue of dancing girl found in Mohenjodo And look, it is made of bronze. Made of bronze The speciality of this statue is that of Didi. One arm is a little longer. wearing bangles and Look at the shell necklace around his neck. Shell understand What happens? Wore a necklace of oyster pearls. That means it is understood that Indus Valley People also go inside the sea and search. And he used to extract ornaments from there also. That is a bronze statue, where did you get it from? The Greatest Ever from Mohenjo Daro. and the second The thing is that it has wax polishing. Meaning a bronze statue and atop it They applied wax so that the statue would not be damaged. No, no. See here for more details about it If you want to know then I have brought it in the slide. Am. If you want, you can see it. approximately this This 4.1 inch statue was found in 1926. He can come any moment. It was in the news right now, so You will have to read a little in detail. that in 1926 this man, Arnes Mackay It was taken out. Isn't it? It discovered it Was. And last week wax voting on it Is. Secondly, if we talk about Indus Valley If we talk about these things If we talk about it, look at their ornaments They are so interesting too. This is ornaments. These are ornaments Look at what they understand From ornaments? So look, it makes sense. Gold is being used in ornaments. Yes sir, we are doing it for gold also. His Apart from this, now look at the pearls of Beed. This Beed Is. What does Beed mean? Bead Making I am very far ahead. What does Beed mean? I will tell you. These are the things of Beed. of Beed What does it mean? Can anyone tell me? The question will come from here. And look at the biggest thing What is? You see, these are beads of beed. Any Bats will say sir it is a stone, a shiny stone Yes, it is a pearl. Whatever the thing you look at is How nicely the carving is done. This much How many small pieces do they have to cut them thinly? There will be tools. Think about it people. Just Imagine How Many How small will their weapons be? Using that, cut it into small pieces. Are. So these people are very famous for this also. These people are very famous in bead making. Ok? So basic things in the exam Will be asked. So please remember a little bit. Is it clear? Where is the beed making factory? But did you find it? Beed inside Chudar and Lothal Factory of making i.e. chalk things Is made. Let's use the wheel. This is a basic thing which is asked in the exam. May go. Ok. Now let us come to Indus Valley On to the most interesting thing. that is the Bhasha Language Indus Valley script. What is the script of Indus Valley? See. Can you see any language? I understand What is it? Thunder Valley script if understood No, today I will decode many things of the world. Believe me if we could decode it. of the world, then we will truly decode it if Indus Valley language script deciphered I am not able to understand, okay, remember two things. Keep all of you, no difference between the Script and Language Difference between script and language I know because we are here for the script. Talking about. we here I'm not talking about language Are. between script and language You know the difference, right? What is the script? And language? Tell me the credits Do you know the difference or not? For me all are Credits. between script and language Children, do you know the difference? Address What is the difference between script and language? It happens? I don't know who doesn't know. I will What is Tell You the Difference? See the difference if Let me tell you clearly, let me tell you what I There is a difference. Look and listen. In which language are we talking to you now? Are doing. Yes sir. What language are we talking in now? are? What is my language? when I to you I am talking then. My language right now It is Hindi. Isn't it? So Hindi in which I I am talking. my language of conversation It is Hindi. That means my language is Hindi. If I write that My Language Hindi Is. Now, the way I have written this This is the script from. Now look at the script Which one became mine? The script became mine. It is English. Script means writing in the manner of. That Is a Script and The language I am speaking. now the Difference I think you understand the difference. Did you understand the difference? the language you I am speaking inside. That is a language. Script means everything in which I am writing. Now Which script is mine here? English language. English is our script Went. Our mother tongue is Hindi. Isn't it? I am from Rajasthan. So ours is It is Rajasthan only. But still it is here We are talking that this is Hindi. I spoke To understand? Is it clear? That's a difference. So Look, let's talk about Indus Valley. Indus Valley About the script of the people of I will talk. about our language Can't talk. Because script There is a slight difference in the language. Now If we talk about its script Some of the things you'll see here are pretty cool. The way I have written it. I do not understand What is left? Because their language has many Sometimes some animals are also being used Is. These people use fish a lot. Fish is being used again and again. V What does don't new mean? Like the use of fish We do. They turn it into a bird. many times Will make a human figure. U and V shapes Let's make things. We don't know What does it mean. But the way you write This is the way we know our language. How They Rot Their Language. write this language How we found out. the manner in which They write language, it's called Busterfed They. What does bastafdon mean? Boustrophedon means son You will write from left to right. for example What about you starting writing from here? Came down. Then start writing like this Came down. This is boustrophedon. So this Remember this thing. Start writing this way We do. and basic letters are like Now remember the basic letters of Indus Valley Inside you found 64 basic letters. Balance It is of no use. If you want to do it, do it. Otherwise it is of no use. 64 in Indus Valley Got the basic letters. It is a question to note this Is. How many basic letters are from the Indus Valley? meet? We Found the 64 Basic Letters from the Indus Valley. 64 Basic Letters from the Indus Valley meet. Just remember the basic thing. Ok? Remember these things. It will not come any further. Whatever comes, I will not come out of it. Good After this, let's talk about weights and measures. about. Look, wet-wet is also found here Pay. Weight means weight, it also comes in measuring weight. These. Weighing is also known. Not so That there are only such things. Measuring weight is also I know. They also know how to weigh. The The greatest thing is knowledge. Knowledge is the mind It is in these. They know how to measure weight Is. 1 gram, 2 grams exactly how much Is? I don't know, but these are multiples of 16. These have weights in them. The one who understands the weight Do you understand what happens or not? understand the weights Did you go? Yes. Let us go. So in multiples of 16 These are theirs. So note this thing that their The weights came out to be multiples of 16. Let's go out. Look at the multiples of 16 that These units are multiples of 16. 16 in 64 will become 16. These are 16 are contained within multiples. other thing Remember that the weights are jasper and Chests are made of. It is very important. These They are soft stones, son. made of it They have them. So, it is enough to remember the basics. It is important. and also the binary number system He knew a little bit. After this, Indus The most important feature of the valley is that Is the seal. Look at the seal of Indus Valley What does seal mean? what is the Meaning of seal? It will be used for trading In. Seals are used in trade. The Indus Valley seal is bound to raise questions. Correct Is? So this question is almost certain to come up here. From. It is the seal of the Indus Valley. It is one of the Most important friend. means a lot It's a remarkable thing. literally it is Remarkable. I mean, you look at it at that time. So what is there to trade at this time? We Have the Phones and Everything We Have But They Are using the seals. Use these seals I was there at that time. seal what kind of indus Valegi talks about him. Now Look, seal is used in trade. Now if you look at the seal, you will see many All the animals are being found. Look at this one horn You got the Arno. The elephant was found. These Brother, is he a wrestler? grip on both sides What has Tiger been kept for? Isn't this something? But Not a single animal will be found in it. that is the Horse. Horse in seals from the Indus Valley not get. That means you're familiar with horses. Not there. And the seal is used. Majorly if we talk clearly about the seal What was it used for? seal is used in business. And Look how the seal is getting? one-horned The animal was found. Found the unicorn. Isn't it? Humped Bull Humdub Bull can be found here Has gone. The tiger was found. I found the buffalo. Is No? Normally if you see elephant here It is found. Now this seal is called This is a seal which is used in trade. used to go. For example, let's talk about Like a businessman. He is a businessman. Now this I want to send my goods to Mesopotamia Inside. How did this merchant sell his goods? Sold? So what will the trader do? First your He will apply wet mud on the items. wet Apply soil. on top of wet soil Will seal it. Then its mark will become a seal. Of. After that he will send his goods. Now This will identify its likeness, hey It has its stuff. and the goods would be safe Was. That is the reason why the seal is used in this manner in which it is done. and even Mahadev's The seal has also been found. So remember the basic thing Keep. Seals are used majorly For business, for trade. Now the question Come on, whose seal was it? So look, remember Keeping this is a very important question. seal It was made of steatite. PY Q Here. This is a PY Q. of steatite A seal was made. Whose? Seal of the Steatite It would have been made. And got the most seals From Mohenjodaro. What is the size of the seal? See The seal could be square as well as rectangular. Was. Butt rectangular seals were found in large numbers. So Remember this thing. Rectangular seal found More. So the size of the seal is also in this way It used to happen. Is it clear, baby? Butt horse Not there. Note this. There is no horse. Horches were not inside it. To understand Have you arrived? So the seal story also came to mind. It must have become clear to you. I understood it Child? Is it clear? Is it clear? To understand Have you arrived? Is this clear? Understood Went? Come on now Indus, tell me. Indus Wally is being traded. We do trade Have been. We do big business Are. Who do we trade with the most? Is? Who has the highest trade in Indus Valley? Is it happening together? Tell me. not even cow's Found seal. Yes, it is not even cow's. says Who are these people? Some say that one of the cows Found two seals. He doesn't say anything about anyone. Couldn't find it. Yes, my question is about Indus Valley business. Indus Valley is the most populated area. Which is traded the most? which area Indus Valley has the largest trade with Tell me if it happens. Indus Valley is the most Who does it trade with? with whom to do Is it happening? Mesopotamia. Yes sir Mesopotamia. Now look at Mesopotamia. When she trades together, then one If you look in Mesopotamia a very large one inside Mesopotamia Can they have some meaning on the stone? Can I say that inside Mesopotamia Some inscriptions were found on a stone. There is Mesopotamia in it for us The name he has used and this name NDA has asked, was this our name Melua? Melua means The Land of Sea Ferrers Sea Ferrer means the land of sailors, this is us. People used to call them Melua and what are we? They used to come here to do business. If we are called Melua then the question It has been asked from here that the people of Indus Valley By what name was Mespotamia known? These were called melua, I understand came that we are the Meluas cleared okay remember now look now look like It was my seal, his seal too, his seal Sildikral is sildik, such was their seal Cylindrical seal was found inside Lothal. Where was the seal found in Lothal? If you get a seal, remember this basic thing. If you remember these few basic things, Was from Indus Valley. Secondly, in the Indus Valley Use of coin wine or barter system do. For example, let's talk about ourselves From here we take pottery for them Let's go. What gold can you get from there? Will send it. These people used to sell gold. So remember Keep the system running here, that is A barter system. That means it's not the system That take the money, take this. these things here It doesn't happen. So these are some basic things Indus About Wally. I hope things are clear Must have gone. Ok? Now quickly the There are important sites of Indus Valley in it Look, you don't have to memorize everything. Not everything you You can read that Sir, read everything in Harappa. every I will tell you two things that in Harappa these Remember, in Lothal, remember this only Keep in mind that you should do the right thing. Let's talk about sites first. The first site found is Harappa. Let us ask a question for Harappa, Indus In which year Harappa was the first site of the Discovered in which year? Tell Harappa In which year Harappa was Discovered tell me brother 1925 1921 1922 or 1923 First Side of the Indus Valley Harappa Let's talk about Harappa. Harappa In which year did we discover it? in Which way we have discovered the Harappa? In which year was Harappa discovered? The question is. Very big question. That's a good question. Important questions come in the exam. It comes obviously. Every time, the question in the exam Will come. One or two such questions come up. in which Year We Have Discovered the Harappa. Harappa In which year was it discovered? searched Went. In which year was Harappa discovered? Memory Please keep it. in which year we have discovered the Harappa? Tell me. In which year was Harappa discovered? Harappa It is important. It is very important Harappa. It is not that Harappa Importent. Harappa is real. which year Harappa was discovered? Tell me. in Which year did we discover the Harappa? B 1921 Yes, this is absolutely the correct answer. 1921 was discovered in. So look at the basics Is. 99.6% Excellent inside 1921. Harappa would be discovered in 1921. which year searched for? In 1921 we discovered the Harappa. Harappa was a wonderful place. yes it This is an important place. Harappa is important Is. Harappa was discovered in 1921. Is it clear, baby? Did you understand? Yes Yes. This is the important thing. Good What to remember about Harappa Yes, let me tell you. Look, two or three from Harappa Things is the first site then discovered. Who discovered it? Dayaram Sahni ji. followed by the Two Roses of Sixth Green Race I have found it. Ok? Apart from that, if you talk Jae Red Red Torso got it. Look at this brother Sir, red sandstone has been found like this If statues are found here then some question may arise If you go then you will see, after that if I talk I will take R37 Cemetery, this is a basic thing. You don't have to keep that much in mind after that. Number second that is Mohenjo Daro Mohenjo Daro It is important to remember where Mohenjo Daro is located. To put it clearly, it is Not in India, this is also inside Pakistan This is the largest site in the Indus Valley. Thee Not Now The largest site was in the Indus Valley, now it is no more. Who is in Rakhigarh now, if we talk about today? Go right now, Rakhigarh is the largest site. Look, this was according to now, it's not the It is the largest site. Now Rakhigarh, now here There are many things I got from it. For example, Talking about Pashupati, the seal has been found. Mother Goddess was found here. Remember that bronze key The statue was found here. Beard Man Met From here. Bronze Buffaloes were found. Dancing I found the girl here. So these all things are Found from the Mohenjodaro. basic thing Remember this. then post cremation Material not important. Seal of the Unicorn Most of it is found here. Ok? Is Let us talk about grade bath and Mohenjodaro means land of the dead. mound mount of dead okay look after that Dancing Girl: Pashupati seal found here Remember the basic things you learned here. I understood the great thing, these things are from there. After getting it, the next important thing The site is, let me tell you clearly, next Important site here from Chudar Chudar What have you got at the number one bead making shop? I found it here, okay, remember it. Later, this is the only city in which there was no settlement. What does it mean, there is only one city in it. In which the upper end is town It Is Only City. After this we are going to ask questions. don't worry Please do it. There are people who ask questions. After that Lothal One of the Most Important Slides at Lothal What did you find? Evidence of Double Burial Meaning Both the man and the two were buried alive. Gave. Not the alive got this from here. The world's first arts dockyard. After that Let us talk about the production of rice in Rangpur and Lothal. Evidence of farming has been found. remember this thing Please keep it. Other than that, there's no male torso. Got it from here but r but average scale Found it. It's Not That Is Important But It is a basic thing. Remember this. Isn't it? Lothal Let's talk about. One thing to Lothal It is said that it is called the Manchester of Harappa. It is said. Examples like Manchester Manchester is very famous. For trade. So to the Manchester of Harappa It is called Lothal. This is a very basic thing Yes, remember this. Is it okay son? Its Apart from this, Sacrifice Altar is also found here. So it is a basic thing. So remember the basics Please keep it. After that, the next important That is Kalibagna. Kalibagan Important Why is it? This is called black bangles. It's from the Rajasthan and this The site is. Now you can get a bungalow from here. Found the factory. Remember this. ploughed fields Evidence of this is most important. Plugged Field surface evidence of ploughed field meet. After ploughing the field from here, Evidence was found here. of the camel Bones were found. Camel bones were found here. Camel bones were found here. note this to do. And in addition to this, a fire altar was found. These It is a very important thing. Ok? Memory Please keep it. And its in lower tone too It was fortified. It is a basic thing. note down Please take it. Did you understand son? Is it clear? There are other sites as well. Give inside notes Give. I can take note if you want. Butt Joe I have listed important sites here. I told you. Ok? Did you understand? clear Is? What is the biggest site right now? Today's According to calculations, it is Rakhigarh, right? Rakhigarh Haryana is inside. This is not the largest Indian. Now the site of the largest industrialist has been Is. Earlier it was only Indian. Now the biggest The site is done. There is one more site after this From where evidence of the canal was found. these questions May come. Like talking about an example Sharadang, this is inside Afghanistan. And here Evidence of canals was found from. So basic C The matter of Indus Valley is over. Ask questions now Start. Ready for the questions. Question It can also be difficult. Now but before that A question comes up. Well, something before that Let me tell you the basic things. Now these notes are short. See the notes here. From short notes How did the Indus one end? There are many questions like Aryan sir has come, now we will talk about it. about. But look at these short notes. Take. What are short notes, child? These Look, at least revise this before leaving. Less Less than important sites. What about Harappa? found? You can see it. What was found at Mohenjo-daro? Is? This is an important matter. You can see it. Seals Whose did you get? Most Unicogs are here Met with. Where was it found from Lothal? See Please take it. Kalibagna Dovira Chudar Ye You have to go through the slides. this revision There are slides of. I have made it and given it to you. Try it yourself and go. Okay kids? This itself Do it and go. Now don't do this sir, this also Don’t want to do. It's totally up to you. This is your Have taken. I have to do this before leaving. by doing it yourself Have to go. Ok? Like look at this Indus Wale is an important thing. What is there? The first thing is triangular. It's the Bronze Age. Remember this. They don't know about iron. Ground About the grid system. we talked The people. Turn planning how is this settled, Burnt bricks, unique train system. You will get everything here. that is The Thing is these short notes. Ok? These I was not in classes but here I I have brought it. So, take some notes on this. What to take a screenshot of? Inside the notes You will get it, right? don't there is no need to Tech Screenshot. Now let's take the questions one by one Let's start asking. Okay, let's tell you. Question NDA has asked within 2003. Any The question will not go out. Don't worry. which of Which of the following Indus Valley Solitation Sites Is Renowned for Its Advanced Water Management system? Tell me. Indus Valley Which site of its water management Is it very famous for its system? Big It is famous sir that good water The management system runs. Which site of Indus Valley is dedicated to water management? Is it very famous for its system? Tell me V The site of Indus Valley is famous for its water Management system? Which of the Indus Valley site for its water management system It is very very famous. means more famous Is. Tell which site of Indus Valley is known for its water Very famous for its management system. Tell me which site is the most important site of Indus Valley? Famous for its water management system Tell me which sites are famous. Well, things are very important It is important to talk according to the exam. We had a taste of Dulhaveera Inside Gujarat There is not a single question where C is the right answer. It may be that you don't know. Isn't it? I remembered Dhulavira but forgot it. what did the rest Kara? I didn't do it. 48 Mohenjo-ud-Dao is wrong. Watch the talk about water management Do it. It was a Dhulavira. Dhulawira Famous Was. We just asked the question. We just did it Tha Dhulawira was a famous. Then I forgot. Mess You are doing it. Look at the question carefully. Now! We have done it. Not a single question goes unanswered Can. Look, this is a question of 2022. Tell me this question. What is the question asking here? But? The Famous Bronze Dancing Girl Discovered From which of the following sites. Dancing Where did you get the girl from? When We Talk About the Dancing Girl. Dancing Girl's Where did you get the statue from? From which site do we get it? Have you found the statue of a dancing girl? Dancing Let's talk about the girl. Where was the dancing girl statue found? Let's talk clearly about the dancing girl. Dancing Girl was very famous. so where from Have we found a dancing girl? Think. It is important. Yes sir. Big It is important. Will come in the exam. exam Comes in. It comes very often. Dev Asked In various times in examination. so you have to understand how things are Are you talking? talk about what Are you doing it? Where is the dancing girl statue? Did you get it from? from where we have found the Where was the dancing girl statue found? Tell me. Mohenjodaro, yes sir, it is a simple matter now. Was doing. Just the right answer. 98.04 then first What happened in the question? Second, everyone comes Went. See the third question. Show this question. Without Settle Which One? Talk to me now. Which one The city is like that without Saturdle? Upper There is no data town. No. Without settling. In which city did you settle? No. Which city of Indus Valley has It is not settled at all. We have just done it. I It was said that the questions will not go beyond this. Which city does not have Indus Valley settlements? Tell me which city is like this? Where Have We Found the Settle? where at Is not found. You didn't get the set. It is Chanudar brother, Kalibagne is going to be a forest. It is Harappa. Banwali is important. We Where have you not found it? Settle Where not? found? Did you remember? Ok. There's still more to do Question. I'll do one or two more. Don't worry. So look Questioning the Mind with Theories If we make the maps then things will become clear. Are. If you think we should only do this and that Then things get a little tricky Are. Ok? That is the chudaar daru e is the Right answer. About 90% 96.03 Okay very nice. Export good slides I'll take some, just give me a second Because there are so many slides, my friend. There are a lot. Then export the slides. It should be done. 1 minute two exports are taking place is slide. We have to give you 1 minute. being exported Is. Then another question will come. to question I am ours. Have to ask questions. many questions I have to do it myself. Yes, let's come to the statement question now. Let's see how many percent of children will be able to do it Take your time, take 45 seconds The statement question is very simple. The script is very simple. Understanding language is not just about knowing the language. You should be Understand the language first and foremost Plays an important role. Knowledge of language is the most important role will play. Always Always Always Remember That thing. How good is your command of the language? You will be able to ask such good questions. Look at the question What are you saying? Let's Read It's An Alphabetic script similar to modern Hindi and English. Hindi and English language It was like. How can you speak the language of the Indus people? had been? Hindi is just like English Not even there. We didn't see it that way That's it. Doesn't even look like Chinese. It's totally different. what is the other one saying Is? The Script Was Written From the Right to Left. The First Line and Then Left Two Right the next nine. Is it right? Right Used to write to the left. Was It Right to Left On the first line? Yes, absolutely boost off Addon this way. So this statement is Absolutely correct. The Script Has Been Completely Decified by the Mod. where not Can you tell me yet? Decipher means reveal it Couldn't do it. B is the right answer. B questions is the correct answer. Questions are arising, right? 90.43 became the question? Will be made. All questions Will be made. Don't worry. The next question also It is about the statement. But I know you will make it. You will definitely make it. See question 45 Take seconds. You will make a question. So don't Worry. We will also ask questions related to statements. We will also ask basic questions. don't worry rest Do it with See the question Should I sit on the side, otherwise you People will say that Sir, you came in between. The Very Very Very Good Question Variant The question is a good question Look, the first one said Terracotta Figures indicate that the society was highly Patrianchal. Hey, tell me society It was not Matrianchal, it was Matrianchal. The statement itself was wrong. specifically I Have you told me that society Harapan was the Matrianchal. Now watch Pathani for a spin I have brought the terracotta figures. But Society Was a Matriarchal Not the Patriotchal. we just talked about it was a Matrianchal. So the first statement is wrong Went. Second Harappan Worshippers Nature. Yes This is absolutely true. He used to worship nature. The trees are being watered by the Peepal tree. Absolutely Correct. PYQ Tumhare De Constructed Massive temples. No temples, not Harappa Inside. A is the right answer. are understandable Is it one and a quarter? It is a game of language. Understood Must have gone. It's all about the language of the Question. There are other things. Very easy Is. It is very simple. give the next question There are more questions. Then we start We will do it further. Correct? After that Vedic We will talk about Aryans. Look first Read it and then we will talk. Look, the question is important. Yes, the exam The question comes inside. Ask and see if you feel comfortable Take a look from it. Yes, tell me Hi The question is easy, the questions are easy, the question seems easy Now the question is what is the number one saying? Streets and the Lens Were Laid Cotton Systematic grid pattern, obviously The thing is, I had to follow the grid pattern. Tha Burn Bricks Uniform Ratio Use That's absolutely correct. We had talked. Absolutely did. Houses Generally Leased Central back cotton and private wells. Yes There was a private well here. Thi Saswal Hai Inside Harappa, inside Mohenjodaro. All three You are right. D is the right answer. statement Correct. All three are correct. It is important to understand to the statement. 29.9 What did the tribe do? Did? Yes, I got confused. All three The statement is correct. If you read carefully All three statements are correct. next question It is about the statement. Asked within 2023 The NDA. Look, take your time. Very easy The question is. Don't be panicky. See if you Don't panic, things will go wrong in life. Don't be inside as well as during the exam. Panicic Just Read Carefully Just Be Focused Focus on what things are being asked. hai and just give the answer na itna load nahi Take as many things as you can in a focused way The more you do, the better things will be for you Just be focused inside the focus way Do things, things will become clear. Yes, tell me what is the right answer. See it start The Harappan maintain Close Maritime Trade Will Trade Relations With Mesopotamia, yes, of course. We had good relations with Mesopotamia Melua in Mesopotamia Text I have said it. Obviously we have them known as a Melvaz. A large number of mesopitamises Seals Have Been Found Across Major Open Sites Like Mohenjo Daro. Don't you remember? I said It was found in Lothal. Where in Mohenjo-daro Got it? It was in the Lothal. Inside Lothal Got the seal. It was found in Lothal. so Where was it found in Mohenjodaro? A is the right Answer. One and two only. Is it clear? Understanding Am I here? Is it clear? So This Kind Of question. Well, how do the questions come? We also solved easy questions regarding Indus. It also made it difficult. How do the questions come about? What do you think is the benefit of the class? The benefit is that we are able to understand things from the class. Clearing Up That Kind of Question Remember to ask such questions here. Questions are asked in the exam Are you just needing to remember those things? How to do it, just be focused, how to do it What to Do to Read Questions Carefully Read it but understand it properly. And after that give me the question, questions are easy. You see, the topic is quite easy and interesting. If you read it this way you will understand Things become very easy. To understand Have you come son? Is it clear? Did you understand? Ambulatory So let's start with the second topic. IBC cleared. Any of the IBC Don't get confused if the question comes. Ok? Let's go, we have done with IBC. Now, IBC What happens after? What after Indus Valley? will be? Like where did your panic timeline go? Buddy? Where did that timeline go? I Need That Timeline If We had made a timeline in the beginning. Where did the timeline go? Brother, please see the timeline We. What is my timeline? yes it is Here is the timeline. lower it a little Let's bring the timeline to this one Make a duplicate slide. A A duplicate was made. Ok? a little bit of this Let's bring it down. Where did it go? Hey man, come on, it's time. Okay, now the question comes, we were talking about That the Indus Valley ended around 1400. The Indus Valley ended around 1400 BC. It will end, how did it end, it ended How did the Indus Valley disappear around 1400? It's done The Indus Valley was destroyed around 1400. Tell me how it went The Indus Valley was destroyed around 1400. How did it happen, tell me quickly friend 1400 Tell me that the Indus Valley ended around What happens to me around 1400? What Happened that around 1400 AD It's over. Which second last do you say? had been? Let's check it. It is possible You are wrong. Let me read, let me read a little bit. What is the question? Well, I got the options wrong. Did you put it on? This one. Hey, he is legged. Sorry sorry sorry sorry my Mistake. The statement I took is wrong. read off. Sorry sorry brother. who answered it Which is one and two, right, children with C right isn't it I I I havent read the legged Look, I made a mistake here too. It is written in the lede that he was not there but he was there ok i messed up my mistake Look, if I did it, you guys shouldn't do it. Okay, let's go, yes, okay, now see where this is said. Indus Valley is being talked about. What happened in the Valley that around 1400 B.C. The Indus Valley ends around here. Around the Just Destroyed Indus Valley 14 It is over, what has happened to Indus? Inside the valley, the Indus Valley around 1400 It Destroy is over. There are many reasons Are. Some people say it is in the Indus Valley. There was a flood. He said there was a flood. flood It is gone, so it is over. Ok? accept it Yes brother, there is a flood. The second one says that Natural calamities have occurred. That means an earthquake is coming Went. If an earthquake occurs, the Indus Valley will be destroyed. Went. Some say that the rivers have reversed He changed his stance. The rivers have taken their course If he turned, the big cities of Indus Valley Came down. Ok? Some say it was a Pandemic. A very serious illness occurred. Disease Due to this the Indus Valley was destroyed but the government People make big claims about something that That's why the Indus Valley also ended. It seems reasonable and this is what Reason calls war. Some people came to the Indus Valley and Finished off the valley and left. They Said the Reason The Real Reason of Destroying the Indus Valley Was War. It is said that the Indus Valley The real reason for destruction remains Let's talk about reasons. To Butte Flood People believe more. I Believe in Flood Might be it might be it might not be. But The biggest reason for the extinction of Indus Valley Whatever is believed is believed to be war. That war happened. Some people sang and went to the Indus Valley Finished it and left. Because the people of Indus Valley doesn't know how to fight. know them Not only this, how to fight everything. won't come to fight So life is something for you. fight look at everyone A person should know how to fight. That's What I Believe. Every person should know how to fight. By becoming very innocent and very emotional We cannot live life. a person should No how to fight. It's Not About the You Are Boy and girl. Everyone should know how to fight. I'm not telling you that I just fight Go everywhere and start fighting. but you should No how to fight. Save yourself, your You should know how to save your family. you all Should new. You are going with your sister, You are going with your family. Someone attacks you doing. You have to save yourself Needed That's why I like little things Might B I think a little differently. My The ideology is a little different. But I believe Not the children who parents call their children When he grows up a little, he is sent You should go and learn dance and singing. Go learn. I I I doesn't have any hate With the dancing and singing. But it should be Always a secondary thing. This should be the primary Kid, you should go and learn some martial arts. Join the class. Learn the MA Boxing Join, join Karate. Then that child Confidence comes at a very different level Is. The greatest skill is to protect yourself. Inside the world. And the rest of the skills are secondary. it occurs. Sir, I will learn dancing. I will learn. I I have respect for the Dancers and singers. But it should always be Secondary. The Primary Should Be One Should Become The Warrior First. Consider yourself a warrior Become, make. After that, things automatically Things go well. Because when you Learn something like you are freezing. You R learning the Taiwan do kab maga. you learn I am learning. one inside you Discipline comes. And the person if someone Only if discipline is instilled in you from childhood Will be remarkable all his life. He absolutely Will be done. Believe me. But things are a little It is different. I told my children not to dance Have to do it. It's totally fine. You can sell Can. Ok? But those things what came I believe that he should be secondary to me. in a manner. because When you go alone at night and someone Trying to capture you. someone try to fight With you. So you can't deal with him. Your dancing and singing. You have to fight. That is important. Defend yourself inside It is very important to keep it. Things inside the defense It is very important. Isn't it? Okay, fine. That's correct. and to the children of the forcers So you must know. It is necessary. I am I I'm telling you again I'm not against the Singing and dancing. Both things are fine. That is also good. But it should be secondary Also, if you are doing this then do all that too. That's what I believe. I personally believe Brother. Ok. You don't think that I am everyone's speaking Yes sir, I hate you. I don't have any Hatred with anyone. I don't hate it Is. But I belong from Rajasthan. So my Who feels it is necessary to fight, brother? because When from there when attackers attacked our country When attacked, he fought and saved his country. goes. It is necessary to fight. to every person It is necessary to fight. That's what I think of me Looks like things. The rest of the things are basic Things happen in life. Let's talk further now We do. Yes sir. Now see what happens. Now we were stuck on such a war war. War It is said when talking about That some people attacked Indusli. Now this Who were the people? What were they? a lot about them There is no clarity. But it is said Where is Central Asia from Central Asia? But is it? This upper area. Everyone says Listening carefully to Central Asia Some from the Asian region have come to our India People enter. Where do some people come from? Are you? Some people are coming to India Are from Central Asia. Some people in India Comes from Central Asia. wandering around Crossing the Himalayas to reach our country Are. Some people from Central Asia. Now their It is a speciality. These people have some special qualities. Give Came from the Central Asia. Their speciality Is. What is the speciality? The first thing you said They are coming to India around 1500 BC In. That means the same time when Indus Valley ended Hui. Talking about the same time Are. These people came to India around 1500 BC. Let's start coming in. Where is the number one thing? Are you coming from? Coming from Central Asia Are. What is the reason for coming to India? Speak This is their reason for coming to India. Correct? Barns or meadows, these are new shepherds, these are new new meadows in search of pasture Come inside India in search. Number The second reason is that their reason for coming to India Is. Grasslands. The third one says that India When these people are coming inside, they It is said that they bring with them Horse. Let's bring this horse. because now By the time the Aryans were familiar with the horse, The people of Indus do not know about the horse. But the people know the hose. They knew horses About this. Know about the horse. Don't They Know About the Hosses. what is the horse It happens? Fighting And They Are The Warriors I know. They fight very well. agriculture I know how to do it. They know how to do it Agriculture. But what do they basically do? These animals graze. These are the charamaye. Basically they are the pastoral. And this in itself is called Aryan. What do you say about your To you? Aryans. They call themselves Aryan or Arya speaks. Arya means Noble. Noble or pure. He said we are pure. and this When I came to India, after coming to India Whatever information we have about them Information about them is available To us from the Vedas. How many Vedas are there? Four There are Vedas. And Veda means Knowledge. Please note this. The meaning of Veda Knowledge. Information about these can be found in the Vedas. Not right now to talk about Aryans Who are the Aryans? Why did you come to India? After coming to India, he had two periods We will talk about it. And why the people said that we all are the I don't want to say those words But People Said That We All Claim from the Aryans that all of us They are descendants of Aryans. This is the theory. I Don't believe on that theory Aryan theory. I will tell you what the theory is. We talk We will discuss that theory. But personally If you ask me as a history Teacher as a history professor. I don't Believe in the Aryan theory. no way I believe in the Aryan theory. Butt Reading I will read it if I have to. Ok? Ok? Understanding I came. I don't believe in that theory. Should I tell you clearly? have to read Because NCERT believes in that thing. Refused to believe NCERT Had gone. This Aryan theory is not ours. Aryan theory was written by someone else It is written. Ok? Now if they come to India Will speak Sanskrit. We will talk about these In. So let's move on to the chapter we're talking about. There are people to talk. This chapter is that Is a Vedic era. So let us talk about the Vedic Era. Talk to me. Why is it called the Vedic Era? Is this chapter? Because in this era this within this society, within this empire What would have been written throughout the reign? Are? The Vedas are written. The Vedas were written during this entire reign. Veda Were written. That's why it is known as the Vedic Era. The real one would be called Vedica. Vedickara That means we are talking about the Aryans. Aryans means pure the noble. I understood the matter In? Let's get started. Let's start of the story. Three read it with the story. Now Look, if we start the story then these Aryans Where do you get the most information about Do you get it? Look at the Aryans How is the information being received? It is visible He is on a horse, he is a Talmar Malmare. Their Information about this is available in the Rigveda. Rigveda You can call this the world's first book. Can. Whether anyone believes it or not, if we are Aryans Even if you don't believe in Max Miller's theory Even then the world's first book is Rigveda. Is. It was in the Shruti form. Shruti's What does it mean? Shruti means that Shruti, we are talking about a girl. Are not doing it. Shruti means that Spoken things were understood. for example Let's talk about it. If I read the Rig Veda I have recited the Rig Veda to you. you go ahead You will tell it to your children. then your You children will tell it to your children. Their Will tell it to the children. In the form of Shruti There was Rigveda. Now going forward, what about Rigveda? After Shruti, these things started getting written. That literature happened within the Vedic period. But Remember this basic thing, know everything It seems to be from Rigveda. Who is Varien? India Why did you come in? So clearly this picture You see. One brother is Max Miller. All these people in the world are from Germany. And the whole world is based on this person's theory. She believes. Sell ​​I don't believe. Listen, what is the theory? good comical Things are getting clear in the form, right? Understanding I am coming, right? What is in this way? When If you have visualization then things will become clear to you. It will happen. That's why I'm this way I have brought it. Now this brother Maximilian is saying, look Aryans What it is, it is said that inside the world These are the people of India, who There are specifically people who speak Sanskrit in India. The language is spoken. This is the language of Aryans. And where did the Aryans come from? This is Max Miller brother. Sir says Aryans have come. From Central Asia. They say the Aryans have come From Central Asia. That Is Area Central This is India. This central over India Asia. He said that the Aryans came from Central Asia and If Aryans came from Central Asia then basically De Ar de Pestel was a community of shepherds And what is it about looking for pastures new? Gradually, when the weather changed in their area There was a shortage of hay and straw in their area. If there is shortage of fodder for cattle then water In search of new pastures What are the people of India as well as the whole world I started walking around and one of these Branch One branch of these Aryans comes These branches within India and within India Where did it come from? Haber Pakhtun Pass came from India Passed the. I remembered the way to Iran. These people crossed the Hindukush mountains and reached India. Come inside. And when in India this If people come, with whom will they clash? Our In the country. People say that their conflict Then it happened with Indus Valley Globe. But this way Bhai Saheb gave the theory from this. And this theory is called the Central Asia Theory Which I don't believe. Because why believe does not? You will understand. because this It is said that we are all descendants of Aryans. And this brother says that Aryans are the only Did not go to India. Aryans' Europe The branch is Arya. Where did the Aryans come from? Came to Central Asia from Europe. Bole Aryans Didn't go to India only. Apart from India, these People have gone inside Iran. These people are from China Went inside also. These people and also inside the area Went. Now why do they say this? behind this There are reasons for this too. They say that the Aryans Those who are there come from Central Asia. Where Are you coming from Arya? From Central Asia. This Is the Central Asia. This is called Andronova Region. So come to Andronovo sometime. Let it go. So Andronovo means basically we Talking about Central Asia Are. This is only the Central Asia. Basic Remember this thing. Now Aryan says this From Central Asia they spread throughout the world. Went into the whole world. Went inside India. Look, this is visible all over the world. India Went inside all over Central Asia But went inside India and along with the world These went all over India. and says that These Aryans were white. They are the White people. He said he is white. Nice blondes Why are you? What are the reasons for this? And How do they say that the Aryans are completely Went into the world. The reason behind this What is? Maxweller said, look what The words are used in the Rigveda. Gin The names of the gods are found in the Rigveda. The names of those gods are other names of the world. Also found inside books. For example, Talk about your most important book. Who is it? It is Rigveda. By the way, a book from Iran There is what is called the Zaid state. I have heard About this book. Iran's Iran's There is a book. Iran has Rigveda. Zaid state. When we read this Rigveda of Iran Zaid state is said to be that the words which Found in the Rigveda. Those same words Zaid They are also found within the state. And only Not that much. If you know about the Greek book Talk to me. Greek books are a Isn't it audacious? This will be called Audacy. Its Some words were found inside also. I show If I had the words, look at it like It is said that in Sanskrit only Latin I call it matter It has become mother in English and in Persian Murder happened All are made from Sanskrit. So they are saying That all the people are Aryans. As You see, in Sanskrit, we will call father Father. English will speak Pater in Latin. Father is different in English. Butt in Persian Pir will say. That is a thing. So on this basis it says that the Aryans who spread throughout Central Asia had gone all over the world and India Come inside also. But I have a question about this theory. Regarding the fact that Aryans spoke Sanskrit. Cow is very sacred for Aryans. Cow It is very sacred for Arya. Aryans Speak Sanskrit. So if for the Aryans Sanskrit is sacred. Cow is very important It is for the Aryans. So all over the world For wherever the Aryans may have gone Cow must be important, right? It's a simple matter. So Cows are important for Aryans in Germany Why not? Why is Latin not in the language? So this Remember these things. These things are said You can see many more words in this. Now Pater and I don't understand some difference in father. Here Bhaatru is called brother. Correct Is? Here we say Bhaatru. He did Brother Kar and he did Brother Kar Gave. Now understand the similarity between these two. I am coming. But understand this matter of brother-in-law. I am not coming. So what are these things? It seems that even trying to connect here It is done on. So remember that's why I don't believe in Central Asia theory. But it's okay, you don't have to remember so much. Now what is Arya, sir? Sir Arya look First of all, what is it about coming to India? This is Charma. So if the question is asked Why did the Aryans come to India? So Arya Why did they keep coming to India in search of pasture? Inside? Remember this. Well, one theory and Should I tell you? Let me tell you one more theory. A Theory This is an Indian theory. what I believe in Am. And this theory was developed by two people of our country. Was given by. Tell me his name, who is he? Indian The theory says. He said, Aryans came from somewhere. Were not there. He said, Aryans are not from anywhere. Is. What they are saying is that Aryans were here Went there too, went to Iran, Iraq Went into, went into Greece, went into Greece. He said that Aryans did not come from anywhere. Aryans He was from India. We Aryans are from India and The Aryans spread from India to the rest of the world. The Aryans did not come into India from anywhere. Aryans migrated to India from all over the world. because The Sanskrit language about which the Aryans talk They speak Sanskrit only in India. It is spoken. And when we are the people of the world When we went inside, we introduced the world to Sanskrit language. Has given knowledge of. So this theory is more It seems reasonable that yes, this can happen. That is Indian theory. But what did you teach us? What did you say? No sir, where do all these Aryans come from? Are? Which Is Not from Central Asia. I Don't believe in that thing. Okay, fine. Now If we talk about Aryas, then a basic Remember this thing. Some features of Aryans Are. When the Aryans came to India, the Aryans What is the speciality? See the first specialty of Aryans has done. Remember the number one thing Horse is very important for them. Horse It is very important for them. Very The horse is important for them. means this Listen, in the beginning it is with Aryan, isn't it? What do you ask from God? I will say it, son Son, it's okay. It would be better if you give me the horse. horses Arya demands this. Horse for He is very famous. Secondly, they have agriculture They know how to do it but they don't do it. This new Inside the search for Charwachara Village in India Will come. Thirdly, which language Will you say? They speak the Sanskrit. Sanskrit Let's say. Aryans speak Sanskrit language. After that The speciality of Aryans was that they knew how to write. Are. Yes, I know how to write. Write Arya will know. Aryans know how to write. Agni is very famous for them. Fire for them It is very famous. The eye is very famous. Why? Because after the death of any man his Get the cremation done. Aryans write. What do you write about? Write on the bridge. So Look, this is some speciality of Aryans. They One by one about all the specialities of Aryans I will talk and talk about Arya Will start doing it. But first about the Aryans. What things do I have to remember, son? What are Aryans famous for? Horse fighting I know. Can you see it? Everything is like their chariot Near. There is no chariot. Aryans had chariots Is. The horse is important. It is a sacred cow. There is a lot of difference. to the horse Aryans kill and even eat. Yes, joke I am not doing it. Yes, by killing the horse Aryans also eat it. Do you know. I don't Think how should I talk to you sir? Yes. to me I am feeling very bad. But hi is it. I will tell you About this. But the cow is sacred to them. Not there. Yes, the intentional spelling of horse. I misspelled it so that your attention Let me see. Ok? Let's talk further. Now let's talk about Aryans who are Aryash Go. So look, the horse is big for the Aryans. It is important. Horse is very famous. His After the Aryans, when the Aryans came to India If you start coming in, then for the Aryans There are some other things also. As you see, Aryans For him the horse is very sacred. Dasharatha name Will be kept. Aryans write on the tower. What is a? Will anyone tell me? Arya writes on the tower. look at the What does it mean? You will remember if If you don't know then when the tree trunk The bark of that tree is called Burj goes. So the Aryans would write on this tower Are. After that I said that the Aryans For fire is very sacred. Fire is very sacred And Aryans do cremation. These Let's do cremation. after the death of a person Aryans burn it. of human death Later the Aryans burn it. why burn Is it after death? What is Reason? Agni Dev Why are they so sacred to us? like today You also see why we are performing havan? When I do the havan. I performed havan yesterday. Why do we perform havan? Before performing the havan We say Swaha. Before performing the havan, we What do you say? Swaha. Fire for us Why is it so sacred? Why? tell me the reason What is? Tell me. Why is fire sacred? For Us Why is fire sacred? Agni Dev It is very sacred for us. Why holy Is? Let's talk simply. Remember one thing. Agni work as a medium. fire fire Works as a medium. like a fire medium It works. When you offer oblations inside the fire Are giving. So what if you are sacrificing It happens? Swaha. It is being destroyed. that Means things go directly to God Has been. That We Believe. Inside Hinduism After the death of a person, he was burnt in fire. Will go. Fire is considered sacred. all your It is the fire that destroys sins. So the connection She talks like. That's why Agni It is sacred to them. After that, if we talk What do they eat, sir? fire It is holy. Yes, we do fire worship. After that, if we talk about this animal They also give sacrifice. like I said That you got married, right? like suppose you My son's wedding, friend. It's a great day. Cow Will never kill. Use of the word for cow Agnya was done. Aganya means not to be killed Worthy, who cannot be killed. But this thing Remember that he also ate non-veg and many other There is also mention of cow slaughter in festivals. What has been done that cow, please forgive me The horse was also sacrificed. I Don't believe that this would happen but he says Max Miller sacrificed that horse used to go. Let's talk about for example. Have you heard about a Yagya? Has anyone heard of Ashwamedha Yagya? Ashwamedha I have heard about the Yagya. Tied the horse. of the horse We will put a golden umbrella on top. will leave To the king horse. Now the horse will go wherever it wants. Neither did that land hear about the king's Ashwamedha Yagya Lord Shri Ram must have performed the Ashwamedha Yagna I remember Luvkush had caught the horse Do you remember that Hanuman ji had gone again, that is the Yagya, now you know what Max Miller says. Max Miller says that the Ashwamedha Yagna is a sacrifice When that yajna is over, after that The horse was beaten to death and The meat of the horse after killing it They used to cook and feed me which is totally wrong things to deliberately spoil things It is said, don't believe this thing said whatever it is let's go apart from it If we talk about a new thing here Information is available about. This is your mon and Sura. What is Soma and Sura? See If we talk about Sura and Soma Soma and Sura are both different. People consider Soma and Sura to be both alcoholic drinks. Is. There is no alcohol. Sura was alcohol. Rigveda In the ninth Mandal, Mandal means part. There are 10 parts in Rigveda. So of Rigveda Clearly stated in the ninth Mandala of the Rig Veda It is true that this Sura is a very bad thing. Is. It is said about Soma that Soma Som was basically not a liquor. Mon It's a kind of mushroom that can be found in the Himalayas. on the mountains and use it to focus It was done. might not be, could be It may not even happen. But these people are from Somosura knew about it. So remember the basic thing Please keep it. Is this clear? Understood Went? Is it clear? Did you understand? Come on, now One by one, now Aryans have two full points. We will talk about. Now whatever happens to the Aryans There is a timeline as to how the Aryans came to India. When they started coming and settling in India, the Aryans Divide the entire timeline into two periods and this timeline is called Vedic era, Vedic means the time in which Vedas written would be called the Vedic era The complete timeline of the Aryans is the Vedic Era. It has been divided into two parts. Please note it down Aryans' timeline It is divided into two parts, inside two parts is divided. This is called Vedic Era where the Vedas were written. The first is Early Vaidikara. This is the time at the beginning When the Aryans come, everyone will settle in India. This period is from 1500 to 1000 BC. This time is called Early Vedic. Early means Aryan and all will start coming. We will start settling down and doing things. It would be another thing. What is the meaning of Letter Vedic? This is called the transition period. Meaning, after approximately 500 years, a changes would occur, and from 1000 to 600 B.C. The time of this will be called Liter Vedic What will happen inside the area liter Vedic area Things will change, things will change If we are talking about that here, Let's start by talking about both. Do it. Did you understand? Is it clear? Start Do it. Did you understand? Shall We Start? Do it. Start Letter Early. Get started Baby mushroom? Yes, that is correct. According to Indian theories best it is Good. Why should we believe in someone like Bharat? know about the culture Not there. And Just Because He Is European? He feels this. Look at the Europeans Look, I will tell you something. give me a Seconds. C There is a misconception in our country that White men always tell the truth Yes and no misconception, this is our country. If we think the white man is true then it is true He will say that a fair-skinned man has more intelligence. And it's our fault Even today, if any you management in the country You will go to any tourist site will you go if you saw a person from another country Who has fair skin? People with him Photos Start getting it pulled. I don't know Why We Have That Much Obsession With The Fair skin. I don't know why we think that that person is above us because of Haz Skin. Hey, God gave him color. What difference does it make? and that thing Even today the British may think of our country as He left and went away. But even today we find ourselves in these They consider us inferior to the whites. which is absolutely Not like that either. Believe me. at all like that No. Believe me. This is not the case at all. This does not happen even 1% of the time. We are far ahead of them Are. We Indians are far ahead of them. But What happens is that psychologically any It is very easy to diminish and suppress a man. goes. So psychologically, what kind of environment is this? It is made that hey brother, this is what it is He is greater than us. Because of her fair complexion This man cannot lie. and to the white To be made great. He is white brother Is great. Now you see the things that are black. What was the colour of Shri Ram ji? Lord Shri Ram is of dark complexion. Are of black colour. Yes sir. How was Shri Krishna ji? They were black. The black God, regarding our color Are being born. But what is Indian? What we think, no friend, that color is No, it is a little less. Isn't it? I Even inside the classes I have told you that People in India say casteism in India Is. I say there is no casteism in India. There is racism in India too. Even on color People are discriminated against. It is absolutely done. in your school If there is an animal function in your classes If he is in your school then see him. The boys and girls who are fair in complexion should be given the lead Will be erected. The one whose color is black The one who is suppressed is made to stand at the back. You will also see inside I Believe Jobs It's if it's a private company. If your complexion is dark then you Priority is not given. I don't know Why? If you are fair, specifically for the Girls, you will be given priority ahead. Why No One Talks About That Thing. things Is in the country. People cannot see it. I Don't know why it is not visible. Look You must know that there is a lot of filth in the society. It is still hidden today. This to you and me Will have to remove it. Because this is our fault. We promote it so much, don't we? What do you promote? Hey, we are one color This will happen if you apply the cream. Filter If we put it up, our photo will look good. Will go. Why We Can't Accept Our Own Self? Accept yourself. like you Yes, accept it as it is. Isn't it? many People say that it is a very small thing. I've probably done this before in classes. You must have said something about this colour thing. It destroys a person from within. Any When a girl is told that she is dark Or you are black. I even told a boy goes. His confidence is gone from within It starts to happen. From that day on he Feel free to talk to people Doesn't do. He thinks that I am I am the weakest. There is something lacking in me. God has left a void. color black It feels like I'm crippled. and life He is taunted all the time for that thing. He is not responsible for this. And that someone There is no sense of right or wrong in him. But still people do this in our country. Even parents do these things sometimes. Which it is totally wrong. yourself above it I will have to get up. And to do these same things The effort started with these people. This is visible Isn't it Aryans theory that God is white? It is exactly like dark milk in colour. Why God can be black. when I Lord my Lord Ram Shri Ram when you are black If possible, brother, if any other person If he is black then why don't we respect him? Can? These are the few things we need To think. Let's talk further. Let's go now What are we going to do, son? Regarding these two periods of the Aryans We will talk. The first Early Vedic Kara What did the Aryans do in the Early Vedic period? Did? How did the Aryans come? Where to start living Kara? What was the culture of Aryans like? After that We will talk about the letter. inside the letter How was the work of the Aryans? But a question Answer. The society of Aryans. We Talked about Aryans. of the Aryans It is a society, son, like Indus Valley, so urban. Was. Are Aryans urban or rural? Option Number A that Sir Urban is. Option number B No sir, it is rural. How are the Aryans? Urban Tell me if it is rural. After that my Will increase. I will read it comfortably. Don't worry. Are Aryans urban or rural? tell me. I need to know. How are the Aryans brother? According to you, Aryans are urban Is it rural? How are you? Aryans How? If I talk about the Aryans that Aryans Everyone is like this. So how are Aryans? Urban Is. Aryans are rural. How? according to you How are the Aryans? It is important. It is important, isn't it? Oho I am not asking anything important. Aryan Sarm Is it rural? I am asking you to I am saying something important. How are the Aryans? Aryan Sarban is that rural Is? The question has been asked. Remember this. One Give me a minute, son. Yes sir, how are you? Look, just speak straight. Aryans are not urban they are rural society. Remember, hey friend, look, it's a simple matter, friend. Have grazed them. How can you be urban? Basic See thing rural. So remember one thing. Aryans Were the Rural. from beginning to end Aryans will remain rural. Inki Society Rural Is. Let's get started. Now one by one These are the basic things. Let me start. What will we start with? We talk Make a mind map. First we will talk About Early Vedika. Early Vedic What does the Era Early Vedic Era mean? EV Mind will take care of you Early Vedika Early Vedica EV means Aryans are coming Right now they are coming brother is coming Aryans are coming while having great fun Aryans are coming now, when Aryans come Early Vedic Era Now is the time of Early Vedic When is the line from to when, so see and remember From 1500 to The time period up to 1000 BC is called That is the time of the early Vedic period. Early means all the Aryans are just starting to arrive. Now Aryans will come, what is Aryan in this? Aryans will do the first thing in Early Vedika What will be the major occupation of Occupation. Let's talk about for example. What is my occupation? I am the Guru. I am the Guru. I am your teacher. The word teacher seems a little different to me. I am the Guru. Now the occupation of Aryans What is? Occupation of Aryans Early Vedic In De R The Tastal Society. They are shepherds. These are shepherds. Charavas in the Early Vedic Era Are. Secondly, within the Early Vedic Era Inside Early Veda when we talk Aryans knew how to fight in the Vedic era Are. Let's fight. There are warriors. Let's fight. The most important sacred animal for them is Cow. Horse is an important and sacred animal What is? There are cows. Remember the basic things Please keep it. Now the question arises before this Sir, where did the Aryans first come from? Early Remember the Vedic era. about two periods I talked to him. Pay attention to this picture also If you look at it, things become clearer. Will go. Which one will come first? To all First we will talk about that is early Vedic From 1500 to 1000 BC. These Aryans Look from. This is an early Vedic case. After that the letter remained Vedic. Answer to this Vedic's light will come. 1000 to 600 BC Up to. Aryans will develop in this. Now How will it develop? You will learn to write. Rigveda, Yajurveda will start writing something. Very All the differences are visible. Difference homes I can see a little difference. cottage It is visible here. A little bit solid here The house has arrived. Can you see any difference? These Difference: We are not doing farming here. Are. Because Sharma does farming here Started it. You will see the difference. So Let's start talking about everything. Are. Now look at the Aryans when they came in the beginning. Aryans came in the Early Vedic Era. So Aryans Have come to this area. Aryans from here Start coming. So the first question comes that in the Early Vedic period the Aryans Started living in the area? first thing Aryans are personal. Meaning they don't live Is. Listen to Early Vedika. Aryans house No, we don't build a house and live there. Meaning We will build a hut. The hut is here today. We will make it here after four days. five days We will make it here later. Six days later here We will make it. Meaning they don't stay in one place. Aryans. Are wanderers. Have grazed them. Today The animals grazed here. I grazed here yesterday. So Early Vedika is saying Aryans when to come Aryans started it and hence Aryans came to this area From. And they'll start settling in at the beginning. In the same area where the Indus Valley is the largest She was more famous. This area will be called Sapta Sindhu region. What is the region of seven rivers? Will this be called? Saptasindhu. Indus River and The area of ​​its tributaries. Sapta Sindhu region. So it is enough to note that It is important that in the Early Vedic period, when the Aryans Let's start coming. He took it seriously They have started settling down, they start settling down. In the Sapta Sindhu region. in Saptasindh region What is? Group of seven rivers. Seven Rivers Which of these are rivers? Sindhu is one The river is ours. The second Saraswati, Saraswati is the most A sacred river for them. Take note, son. The river Ganga is not sacred to the Aryans. We don't know much about the Ganges River yet. Are. The name Ganga is not that the river Ganga There is no name of. Name mentioned twice Is. The river Ganga is mentioned twice in the Rigveda. In. But the most sacred river for them is Saraswati. This question has been asked. to note Which is the most sacred river for the Aryans? Is? That is Saraswati. Then look at five There are more rivers. What are the five rivers? Vitasaskini, who are these rivers basically? These tributaries of the Indus, like you today Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, Sutlej by which name You know these are the same rivers. Now those of Ancient names will appear in the exam. I am unable to remember all the ancient names. Which are the remaining five rivers out of the seven rivers? Was it C? One, we have our Sindhu, Indus Went. Which rivers come after that? After that it is Vitasha. Vitasha, whom you call Jhelum today Know from. Ok? coming up next Askini. Remember this today, you of Chenab You know him by name. This can be asked. After that Purushani Ravi, you call him Ravi You know him by name. After that Vipassana which Base and you know it by the name of Sutlej. So Where did the Aryans first start settling? But did you do it? Inside the Sapta Sindhu region Aryans will start settling. number one second The question will become the most important for the Aryans Which river is it? that is the which river Is it important? Mother Ganga. Mother Ganga is not Is. Mother Narmada is also not there. For these It is important. Saraswati River. right now The river has disappeared. It's a little much but It is not much. After that, special attention was paid to the Aryans. The thing is. Now see if the Aryans come I know how to fight. Now if the Aryans have come Tell me from so far away that in India All the Aryans did not come together. all that all the Aryans came together and all All the Aryans came together. from Arya Gradually they came to India. As Let us first talk about the example of Aryans. A group came to India. He's just here Went. After that the second group of Aryans came to India. Came inside. He settled here. Then The third group of Aryans came to India. Then He settled here. Now while doing this, he said It is said that 30 groups of Aryans lived in India. Were inside. How many? There are 30 Aryan tribes. Of. 30 Tribes of Aryans in India. There are 30 tribes in India. And these 30 Five of these tribes are the most dangerous. It is the most dangerous. And these are the tribes of Aryans. They also fight among themselves. even among themselves Will fight. And the Aryan tribes fight Even from those who already live in India. Are. Look, it is a simple matter that when Aryans came to India If they come inside then those people who live in India Were. If you also call them people of Indos Valley Even if you agree, it doesn't matter. fight with them So it will happen. There will be a fight with them, they will obviously fight. So It is a very basic thing to remember that Aryans At the time when the Aryans came into India 30 tribes come under India. and these Five out of 30 tribes are the most dangerous. Together they are called Panchajanya. What is Panchajanya? Lord Shri Krishna It is said that the conch is called Panchajanya. That's the same Is. Five tribes are very dangerous. Five What are the tribes? of these five tribes Let me talk about it. See the most important The tribe in this is Bharat Tribe. To all Dangerous. After him Purvasa, Puru, Yadus, Anu, these are all five tribes. and these five The most dangerous among the tribes is Bharat Tribe. Bharat Tribe is very dangerous. Very dangerous. Now it is a simple matter. Look if the Aryans are coming Are. Let me tell you through an example. All the Aryans are coming here. come here Have been. From here we wander back to India I am coming. So their fight which is already The people here were a little older than those in the Indus Valley. It must have been a lot. There must have been a fight. Aryans will not come without fighting. Aryans have swords. Ok? even though The people living here may have lost, but He must have protested. protested Is. So those people who already lived in India Aryans came from outside. But those who already Aryans lived in India and were called Dasu. The Aryans were dangerous. Arya what do they Do you speak? Aryans call them Dasyu. Does Dasyu know what to say today? Dacoit Who is called a bandit. And this is Max Miller What do you say? Max Miller says that Joe There were Dasyas who already lived here. Meaning, we said that those who were ten, did not say that they were black. Were. Had a flat nose. His nose was deceptive. gender Wasiper was there. Used to worship Mahadev. wrote What does our Krishna say here? What else is Deva? Aggressive non-believer. Dasyas said Anas with flat nose. hey this He talks strangely. But it's okay sir Let us also talk about what Aryans used to call us. Tens. This is Max Miller speaking. Now Aryans They will also fight among themselves. These are very mutually Let's fight. They will also fight with the dacoits. mutually I will fight too. Now about one such war. We will talk about the war which is most important. It is believed to be in the history of the world. India Let's not talk about the history of. World About the most important war in the history of I am talking. This is war, Dasharajan War. War of the Ten Kings. It is also known as Dasharajan War Why do you say this? Because there is one side to it There are 10 kings and one side has a single king. This is a very dangerous war. Yes sir. of this war It is described in the Rigveda. And This war has been mentioned in the Rigveda. that the world had never seen such a war and Will rarely see it. Dasarajan War and Dasarajan In the war, one side is the Bharat tribe and the other Side rest five Aryan tribe five nine Aryan Tribe. These 10 tribes are together and One tribe is our empty king India. Bharat The king of the tribe and the king's name is Raja Sudas. This war will be called Dasrajan War. And this war will be fought between two parties in your NDA exam. I was asked three times. What is the name of this war? The Battle of 10 King Dasarajan War. Dasarajan What is one thing to remember about war? Two Talks. First of all, where did the war happen? War It happens on the banks of the Purushani River. Purushani means Ravi had said Purushani, right? Remember this. So on the banks of Purushani river This war takes place on the shore. After that this Information about war is found in the Rigveda. From the seventh division of. Look at the meaning of Mandala There is a part. Don't be confused Sir Mandal What is? It is not the Mandal of the Mandal, it is its part. The part will be called Mandal. First Division, Second division, third division. part is known as the Board. So, the first Mandala of Rigveda means the first Part. Second division means second part. Understanding Am I here? Remember this war. Where is the war It happens? On the banks of the Purushavani River. The question will come from here. The second question comes which Inside which circle? So the seventh of Rigveda The tone has been talked about in the mandala. Did you understand? Is it clear? Now his Later, if we talk about the Early Vedic Aryans If I speak clearly then early Vedic What is the political structure of Aryans? Let's talk about Early. Early What was the political structure of the Vedic Aryans? Is? For example, let's talk about today It is our country. Our political structure How it is? I have my own house. many A village is formed by joining houses. many The village will be merged to form a city. many By merging the cities, districts will be formed. Combining many districts It will become a state. and many other states Together we form our own nation. These are your Political is political structure. So The tribe of Aryans used to be What is the structure like? because look at the first thing The tribe does not live in one place. So its What is the structure like? So its structure Let's try to know a little about ourselves. Look at the political structure of the Aryans. Nah, he was a little bit like me. Little too much No, but it is a little bit like me. As If at Aryans' place, at our place, If we talk about our political structure What is the smallest unit? own Family. your father, mother and you Met Mila at her home. The house will be built and many more By joining the houses, a village will be formed again. Very All the villages will be combined to form a city. Same thing if I talk about Aryans If I have to do it then the most important thing of the time of Aryans The smallest political unit was called It is Kula. What does total mean? Total Meaning not the entire total. The total means Husband, wife and child. A family is called a clan used to go. What question comes up? that in the Aryans Family's place in the Aryan tribe What was the smallest unit? It was the Kula. The clan was called. So remember most The smallest unit is Kula and the add of Kula is called Will go to Kulb. After that, if you have a lot of Added the total. Kul means a lot of If the families are united then it will become complete. One whole gram. Gram means village and hamlet The ad will be called Grameen. many You have merged the village. So many After merging the village, your subject will be created. Subject means the district is called subject Is. And the add of the subject will be called subjectpati. And you have included many more districts. Now remember this. Now these things are important It will happen that many districts You have mixed many cities, you have mixed many If you include all the districts then it will be very Including all the districts, there are many Your meaning was formed by mixing the subject. What was the tribe called during the time of the Aryans? People used to call the Jayega tribe as Jana Jana Stree wala nahi hai that is alag jana to The tribe will be called Jana Jana meaning tribe People are calling the tribe as Jana, the tribe. Means Jana Jana means tribe. would be called Jana and the head of Jana was Janas Gopa whom I call my king but I will say Raju, this is our Raju. Now the king Not there. This is Raju. Remember this. that is Janas Cave. So the eight of the tribe will be called Janas Cave. So if the question arises that Aryans What will the tribe be called at the time of? So What was the biggest unit of the Aryans? Jana. Jana means the entire tribe. And If we talk about the smallest, then the most What is small? Kula. Did you understand? And the head of Jana will be called Janas Gopa. Rajan. Will be called Aryan Rajan. Janas I I will tell Raju. I will tell Raju I understand Will come. Look, I understood it in politics. Structure. Now it is understood that all those This is a tribe, isn't it? This is Arya's tribe. So much We did the whole thing. Arya's tribe It is called Jana. Jana means Arya Tribe. The tribe will be called Jana. and this Who is the head of the tribe, brother? Our king. And what I am saying to him is that I am Raju. Why am I saying Raju? Do you know this? Why am I calling him Raju? Are? Talk about Early Vedic Aryans Are doing. Keep in mind. Apna Early Ke Talking about. Janasya Gopa to this will also be called. But basically he was called Rajan. Will go. Let's talk about our early days. Let's not talk about the letter right now. remained. About 600 years since its inception I'm talking about 500 years Are. Now look at him, Raju knows why I should I speak? Because at this time their He is the leader of the tribe, isn't he an early Vedic name? It is Id. This is Ed. Here the king's son will become the king. The case is not going on. This used to be Ed. People I will choose this one. Secondly, it has no There is no power brother. He doesn't have any power. No power. Meaning, neither war with the mind I can go to fight, but I can't call anyone. Is. He doesn't have that much power. Third thing If I talk about Raju, Works normal. He doesn't have an army. No standing army. Remember, no army. It does not have its own army of worms. And neither is it his own filth. No Mahalwal Near this. This works normal. Meaning Here is Arli Vedic Kaira. They have There is no army. They have to go to fight. These How do you go to fight? Go to fight. For example, if we talk about brother fighting Have to go. Well, why are you fighting? Fighting for the cause. fighting for land It is not there at all. There is no concept of land. Is. Private property here today, there tomorrow There is no concept of this. De fot for de cow. They go to fight for the cow. and the cow's for when going to fight the word is said combat. What is said? combat. combat I say this many times. combat. to fight They are being taken, sir. and they are fighting For the cow. Now when we go to fight What do you do? A trumpet will sound. of the house Will come out and blow the trumpet. and one from each house The man will go to fight. Playing the trumpet. He said uncle's son, maternal uncle's son. Let us go That's what we have to fight. Like you wouldn't normally At my friends' place. in your village There was a fight. Now you have standing Is there an army to fight? of the village itself People leave. He came out with a stick. They He will come out with his penis. He came out with a gun. I have to go to the village. of the village Whatever happens to children. So this is such a There is no standing army. They have separate Inside the army uniform. pick up and fight They leave. That's it. That's the Thing. So remember this thing. Ye Early Inside the Vedic Aryan is that Raju, right? Our own is not that much powerful elected Yes Raju. Ok? There is a limited power. Work will work and standing army brother Sir does not have it. Isn't it? Early Vedic Let's talk about Aryans. Now Raju When he is not working then who will do Raju's work? Does it? so Brother, why did you make him the leader? Why Is it leader? Why did you make him a leader? Then who does Raju's work? Now this which This is Raju, he is elected. to make it work There are some committees for this. About these committees Questions come up very often. Raju's work There are basically three committees to do this. Now We will talk about these three one by one. The first one is the committee, right? one committee each I will talk about it. So the first committee is Your assembly. The name of the first committee is Sabha. Listening meeting. What about the committee? first first The committee is the assembly. Let's accept that this is a meeting. that Raju is like that tribe of that village Ours is elected. So those of that tribe They are the most local and the oldest people. Like the elders of the village. Now Its tribes are coming. So in this meeting They are the elders of the village. Elite People Educated people of the village. senior citizens Those who are old. Sir, did you understand? There are very old people. And this gathering Does it actually have real power? Is. The elders who sit in the meeting They decide what punishment to give to whom. Do you want to give it? When to attack? how much to whom Are you going to get something? The assembly will do these things. So Raju is there only in name. does the complete work gathering. What punishment should be given? When to go to fight? This will be called Sabha. Sabha of Real Power Sabha It is nearby. The assembly also has judicial power. Second, our committee. committee another committee Is. Its name is committee. What is? Committee. What happens inside the committee? Watch Committee I am not all the people of that village. All people All of them are people from that village. There are no children but all the people are Are inside. Women are also on the Even Committee. Are. There are also women. Women inside the meeting too Is. It's not like there's a woman inside it. The condition of women is very good. In this There are women too. Now the work of the committee is done Electing the king. This election is in Let's participate. Elect the king The committee does the work. Understood Went? So the Sabha is the most powerful and the second committee. The committee elects the king. and the third The committee which will be called the creator. of the creator What is the work? Creator. There is a third committee by the creator. So look They have three committees. first meeting, assembly Most important. I will keep this at number one. Second committee. The work of the committee is to the king To elect. The third one is the creator. It is the work of the creator to distribute the looted goods. To distribute. What to do? of the loot Distributing the goods. to swag To distribute means that Suppose two tribes are fighting among themselves. Now one tribe attacked another tribe. And stole 500 cows from there. Now If you steal 500 cows and bring them here brother, then this is what I know from whom 500 cows have just arrived. How will he distribute it? How will he distribute it? distribute You will have to decide who has to give 30 cows and who I have to pay 40. This was done by the creator. So three Remember the committees, son, that at Arya's time Normally three committees are important. First meeting The meeting is most important. Why? because All judicial decisions are taken by the political parties. Is. The work of the committee is in the election, brother. What is the work of working and the work of the creator, brother? It is the oldest and its job is to loot goods. To distribute to. Did you understand? It is a basic thing if we look at the three committees Inside the Early Vedic Aryans It is important. Secondly, let us talk about the king They do not have a standing army and their Major It is amic, it is a struggle. After that, if we talk I should go and see my Raju, he is so poor He is helpless. He is very helpless. Now normally someone What to run that country in the city too Is it taken? Like it is our country. our country What does the government charge to run it? Takes tax. If she takes tax, if she takes tax The country runs. Without tax, you can earn something Can't do it. But in the Early Vedic Aryans Tax is called sacrifice. what do you say Are? Bali Bali will be called. Meaning of tax Note this sacrifice. Bali means that it feels like Hey animal, deliver the goods. Bali means tax It happens. Tax is called sacrifice. Now If this sacrifice is seen normally, then this sacrifice It is not mandatory on time. Bali Mandatory It is not there in it. Early they are telling us. When we lived between 1500 and 1000 BC We are talking. Well, it is not mandatory. well Not mandatory means whoever has to pay tax Will give. He will not give to anyone who does not want to give. Talking about an example, I got my own Raju. Raju came and said, brother, pay the tax. He said I don't want to give it, Raju. Money like that right now I don't have it. This is the power that Raju has. Not there. Well, the screaming is hurting. standing It's done brother, I am Raju. No power on Raju has it. Sacrifice not mandatory. sacrifice It is not mandatory. Raju says brother give it to me Pay two taxes. I have to work. He said he will not give it. You have to sacrifice yourself Or not? Early Vedic see in order Early This is the biggest difference in the Vedic order. that the Early Vedic order emphasizes this not Poor Raju is asking for his mandatory That brother, give me something for the sacrifice I told you not to give it to me friend, what is it today? No, I enjoyed it this time, some things were not that Bali is not mandatory. Note that Bali is not mandatory. Did you understand that it was mandatory? Is it clear? Look, you have to remember a basic thing here. The next best thing is Early Vedic Kara ki that early vedikara me na jo badi I think this is very good, there is no Casteism is not casteism Early Vedic There is no casteism if there are no four castes Would have been. Brahmin, Kshatriya, said there is No racism. Casteism of the Early Vedic Era It is not inside. Very clearly, if I Let me talk about that in the Early Vedic Era there is No casteism. If I got the picture So let me tell you about casteism. there is Casteism. Not Early Vedic Era. Early There is no casteism in the Vedic era. Very The great thing about the Early Vedic Era is that the Early There was no casteism in the Vedic era. there is no Racism. Casteism here Early Vedic You don't see inside Era. means straight It is a matter of what the man will decide. It will be done from his berth. Decided from birth It was not done, it was decided Remember by his actions what you mean You will do it, it was not decided from birth for For example, what would have happened today? If he is a Kshatriya then he is from a Kshatriya clan Born in a Brahmin clan, he will fight. Once born, he will perform puja and rituals in the Vaishya clan. If I am born, sir, he will do business. This is not the case here. Early Vedic Early If we talk about the Vedic Area Era, then here There is Arya in their society No casteism is not casteism in the beginning Your actions will determine whether you What would you do? How is the society, son? It is petrianchal. But remember this. The father is the most important. About Aryans Let's talk. The father is the most important. IBC What was in me? It was Matrianchal. here How is the society? Patrianchal. These Remember the differences. question because and Only differences arise. means a lot of things Is it good. Well, then comes the women. Let's talk about the condition. Look ladies If we talk about the condition then yes What a nice thing. See what the thing is Written by a woman. The condition of women is very It's great. Vumus have the Great condition. The condition of women is very It's great. Women should read at this time The right to write. Worship for women has the right to. Women in both the assembly and the committee are members of. That means women The condition is very good at this time. Now two Systems come. About these systems I am talking. I am enough for me I will tell you some systems and see what they say. What does the Rig Veda say about women? that the marriageable age of women was No, here it was between 16 and 17, which Not much. Between 16 and 17 years old Women used to get married. After that Women had the right to their own Women who do not want to marry are not married. Even if she does, there is no problem. means bachelor Will remain. He will be called Aamju. Amju Wo There were women who did not marry. Apart from that, the most important thing to me It seemed that neither child marriage is allowed in our country. At that time there was neither Sati Pratha nor divorce. There used to be a thing called curtain. anything wrong The thing wasn't here. So look at the beginning The condition of the women was very good. and one more Let's talk about the system. System It is your own. This is called Niyoga System. Meaning there was widow remise. If a woman's husband dies, her After her husband's death, she returned from There used to be a marriage. Now the system to get married was used. That is a Niyoga. Niyoga What is a system? Will anyone tell me? What is Niyoga System? Know the system About this? Let me tell you. Niyoga Is there a system? Like, brother, let's say this There is a woman. Without any offense? My The drawing is very good. If you know everything then I am a woman by definition. Now this woman's husband Is. The husband has a big mouth and this woman's I am your brother. Ok? Elder and younger brothers. Now What happens? The woman's husband is a war Went to fight. Words used to fight a war Kiya Gavishti. Gavishti. what does gavishti mean It happens? In Search of Kav. note the words Please take it. Gavishti means in search of a cow. The word used for war is that Iz gavishti. The word used for fighting is that it Iz gavisht. Gavishti means used for fighting Is being done. Now her husband has gone to Gavishti Inside. Went to Gavishti and her husband's Died. Sir, he died. The woman is crying. Oh, my husband is dead. Now What should be done? Now the woman had the option that she can marry her brother-in-law if she wishes. Is. There is an option. Not being forced That I was forced to do it. Grandfather There is no compulsion that it has to be done. The Girl has the option. If She Wants You She Can No she can marry with has never. Could have done it. it's called it was called the system Ko Niyoga. Niyoga means that The woman had the option to If she wants, she can marry her brother-in-law. Was. So remember this basic thing. Balance The conditions of women are very good. Woman Could have become a sage. Brahma can become Vedanese Was. Meaning she can teach children. become a sage Can do like a sage. even said It is said that the Upanayana ceremony of women is also It used to happen. What is the Upanayana ceremony? Son? Brother, the ritual of wearing the sacred thread. These women was also used. So the condition of women Early Vedic Aryans Early Vedic Era The inside is very correct. Did you understand? clear Done? Look, the Upanayana ceremony is visible. Is. That is the Upanayana ceremony. what happens Can you see the Upanayana ceremony? wearing the sacred thread to do. It is done in Brahmanism. Upanayana ceremony is performed. what should be done Used to be? From now on you are on a new path of knowledge. Will move forward. What will be done to the child? Headshave is done. The child braids And after that initiation from the Guru here receives. This is very important It is culture. So these rituals are also here It used to happen at that time. Look at that time It was very different. Meaning in Early Vedic Aryans Things are great. Also watching us Things are great. very nice. Economy We have talked about it. How is the society Is it son? It is pastel. Remember any man How rich he is. How rich is a man? Do you know how that decision was made? See There is no concept of land. Whose How much land do you have? Of course on the ground Don't trust. Today or tomorrow, this decision will be taken It was done according to the cow. who has The more cows a man had, the richer he was considered. Will go. For example, if someone has 5000 cows, he Brother is very rich. and tell the rich man The cow's opinion. Note this. told the rich man Gautam will go. Gaumat means rich man. Brother, there is a lot of money. It is Gaumat. Gaumat means rich man. After that, iron comes at this time. Did you go? No, they did not have iron. Remember they don't have the iron. ironed They don't have it. They will use wood Of the solution. Iron appears around 900 BC. Ok? use the word for land Sita. Everyone else grows it. It is not a problem that Nothing is growing. But everyone will grow it. But Remember, this is where things are decided. Is. Whatever work a man does, he He is doing it but let us know how many cows he has. Looks like the man is so rich. So look All our things in the Early Vedic Era Talking about. Now the question It comes last. A very interesting The point here is that we have talked so much It was done here in the Early Vedic Era. Now let's trade these. Trade a little bit do. Very little trade takes place. Very There is a little bit of trading. Now the trade would be If so, the coin had arrived at this time. Because look inside the Indus Valley, there is a coin Not there. Do they have coins? bite me Have Coinish. Do they have Coin One? They have coins. They have coins. Their I don't have coins. They have little coin wine Near. This is not a coin. what are these people of We do? They have gold. Gold's Information about. They know about silver Information in. But they don't have the coin. So what do these people do? This question was asked Is. Remember this. These are their gold ornaments Yes, we use them as a coin. The gold jewellery they have. of gold They have the jewellery, obviously they have it Use gold jewelry like a coin We do. Please note this point. And These people call their coins. these questions I came so I am saying it is good. Their These coins are called Nishka and Shatman. conclusion And Shatman is not a coin. basically gold There are ornaments. Note this, it is very important. Gold ornaments are called nishka and Shatman. ruthless Shataman very much Important question PVI Q has been asked used the cruel Shataman nishkrush What does Shatman mean, basically, that R The Gold Ornaments are gold ornaments Sir, use it as a coin like Bhai Saheb came and said, brother, give me a cow. I want to buy a cow, how will I buy it? He said, you take this gold of mine and This is my Shataman take it and what do you do give me the cow that is The thing is they're using it so basic. It's a simple thing, remember, we trade. is very low and the traders who are there are told Will go Pani Pani means traders are business The one who does it is called Pani. So basic Remember this and the words to sleep Hiranya will be used. to golden gold It is said. So son, this is a basic thing. Did you understand about Aryans? Now If we talk about their religion, then see about the Early Vedic Aryans, if I To be clear, it is early Vedic. See If we talk about religion, then the most First of all, there is no temple in the beginning. They do not have a temple. It was not that Sir, there is a temple near them. They also have There is no temple. They Don't Have the Temples. They do not have any temple or temple. Temple They have some. They don't have temples. near these There is no temple. They don't have temples. Temple They do not have a temple. Then whom do you worship? Are? They worship nature. Nature There are worshippers. They worship nature. Yes. They worship nature and do this It is basically a yagya. Yagya havan. will perform havan Sir. They perform yagya. We perform havan. and this We will worship nature. For those who are the most There are big gods, they are Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh is not here right now. For those who are the biggest That God is Lord Indra. to Lord Indra You know there are gods of seasons. seasons Lord Indra, the god of the universe, is number one for them. Is. On the second is Lord Agni Dev. So Look, they are worshippers of the god Indra. God They worship Indra. whom to worship Are you? Worship Lord Indra. So remember this basic thing that God Will worship Indra. the basic things I am telling you. Look, there is no temple. Religion Talk about. There is no temple. We worship nature. Ok? Prayers It is main. Templewrempel is not here. Cow Will not accept it. They kill. Ok? Who Who is the most important God? Lord Indra comes at number one. After that God is fire, sir. After that Varun Dev Is. After that Somdev but that isnt thing Not that merciful. So these early Vedic Aryans We have talked so much about Curry as per your exam It is important. Look, even the ladies are not like this. That she is not a goddess. Savitri Devi, this gentleman Savitri Devi will have to be remembered because Savitri Devi, you recite the Gayatri Mantra be it to praise Savitri Devi It was written. In the third Mandal of the Rigveda, It is very important to note that Rigveda for Savitri Devi in ​​the third Mandala of Gayatri Mantra has been written. So look There are goddesses too. There are gods and goddesses too These people worship both of them. So this Remember this basic thing. Did you understand? Is this clear? Did you understand? Is it clear? Is this clear till here? Understanding Things that came in? Early Vedic understood Went? Then you will make it in your mind early Vedic so that things become more clear. Early Vedic Era Cleared? Early Is the Vedic era clear? Should I make it in my mind? How will you make up your mind about Early Vedicara? Now look, I understand. What is a mind map? Revision takes place. That's why I say that every After class, in between you have to learn the Mind map. Make a mind map. things It will become clear. Created a mind map. Let go Aditi Devi is also there. Yes sir. Now look at the mind I want every child to participate in the map. Do it. Ok? Every child should participate. Mind Talking about the map. We talk Learn about the Early Vedic Era In. Early Vedic Era What was the first thing Do you want to write? The number one thing which is real According to me from 1500 The time of 1000 BC which is the Early Vedic Era Remember the time from 1500 to 1000 BC Early Vedic Era Number One Three Second The tribe will be told it's okay to live here. Jana will be called Jana, remember one thing about Jana Keep in mind that Jana Cat will be called Rajan or Janas Gopa and Rajan hisa hai apna ed hai that Meaning it doesn't have power wise. Ok? Secondly, at this time, the most important thing for the Aryans What is the important thing? Early is also visible We have a cow there is no property land wala They have no concept of all this land. It is important for us that there is no The concept of land is not a land concept. If yes then it is not important after that Next, if we talk about it, which is quite I think that is important The important thing is that Aryans are there, don't you remember? Keep a lot of information about Aryans Things are said but the most important thing There is no casteism in the time of Aryans Casteism does not exist here Early Aryans There is no casteism in Vedic, there are only two Aryan and non-Aryan marriages are discussed here. You can do it, yes you can get married. Intercaste marriages also take place. But Intercast When you are getting married, then only Aryans and It will be in the middle of Arya. Aryan and non-Aryan There is no intercaste marriage between them. Third thing, if you want, you can note it down. a little This is an important matter. we then Talked about Aryans that at this time There is no temple. which is an important point I am noting the same. there is no Temple. They don't have a temple here. And whom do they worship? Of nature. These people worship nature more. Ok? Did you understand? Is it casteism? No, Sabsak is not racist. and slavery It is here. They make slaves. Yes, There is slavery. Important point to note Is. There is slavery here. make slaves Or slaves. Make wool. Slave Will make. They make slaves. and the words that is used, that is important Thing. This word will be used for rich man For that is Gaumat. what does gaumat mean It happens? Who has a lot of cows. It is called the rich man's goat. So basic Facts about the Early Vedic Aryans It became clear. How is the society? It is petrianchal. Not Matriyanchal It's petrianchal brother. father of the family Are prominent. Isn't it? and the status of women How wonderful it is. The condition of the woman is good. Let's talk clearly about the status of women It's great. There is no such thing as casteism. The condition of women is very good. So this We know about the Early Vedic Aryans. Talked about basic things. Did you understand? Is it clear? So the Early Vedic Aryans The society that you liked. Early Vedic Aryans whether we talk about or Early Vedic Let me talk about Era. How did you find it Society to you? I liked it. how is the case Here? So many things that you have seen How is it? Society of the Early Vedic Aryans How is it inside? what does it look like ar Of the Vedic Aryans? I will ask questions son. First do the Vedic letter and then the questions. I will do it, don't worry. Tell me things are up to here. How is the society? what kind of according to you Societies We Are Having Right? right here right now Well then. How is society at this time? Yes, tell me. Purushani ok. It is a good society. Good. I liked it. It's good. Is there any problem in the society? Not there. It's totally good kiss very nice There is a society. Now change will come. Now we will talk about a major change. In. How is the society so far? very nice Sir. Had fun. What a wonderful society. Isn't it? This is a good society, sir. Had fun. Think Sir Totally Good There. very nice thing Is. Look at the society, it looks good. to see I feel so good that it's here It is happening sir. So many good things ladies is being respected. ok ok Look, the potri is also on their time. a pottery Is. Let's talk about pottery later. In. Look, things are looking great here. Man how wonderful things are that women is being respected. Now comes the story Twist in. Now a big one in the story There will be a change which we call Later Vedic. Era. Look carefully. Early Vedic Era When we talked about it, you'd have to say things It must be looking very nice, friend. The best case is within the Early Vedic Era. Now after the Early Vedic Era we will talk about We're going to talk about the second period. which We call it the Later Vedic Era. When is the period of Letter Vaidya Kara from to when? I said look, from 1000 BC onwards The time period up to 600 BC is called Have a letter Vaidi Kara. It will be called Transition period. Transactions mean a lot There will be a big change. Brother here They say the world has changed. Emotions have changed, The dimensions changed. This is the thing here. It is a period of change for the litter altar. Complete Things will change. What will change We will talk. But the whole thing should change Will go. Now dear children of power I have brought a photo for you. This is for you later in the Vedic era you Look, these are your children of power. Brother. Now look at the Later Vedic Era What were the major changes of the later Vedic period? What happened in the Later Vedic Era? What will change for Shakti Vaishandiya? The most dangerous change. See the most dangerous The change will be visible. Casteism has arrived. Casteism will come. There was no casteism earlier. The first change will be inside Literaway Casteism has arrived. Racism, yes. Birth instead of karma became the basis of caste. Went. The number one thing is the first change. Second change What do you see? Another change is visible Used to be. Now watch your Raju become an emperor Gaya Bhaiya stood up. Our clan now Together we have become a great district. that is a Thing. I mean, brother, first of all, this is our Look at Raju, he has worn clothes. Meaning It's a simple matter. Now Raju is no longer Raju. Raju Became a gentleman. that means now he became the Powerful. Now King Id is no more. of the King The son will become king. Now he has become powerful. Look how happy he became. Third revenge Iron A Went, iron came. As soon as the iron came, People started farming. Speak Who will graze the animals? What about the arrival of iron? Cut down a lot of trees. cut trees and flatten the ground And started farming. and the third Ashram to increase the power of the king Yagya is being performed. and the power of Brahmins It has increased a lot. Yagyas have become expensive. Many major changes will be seen. So what do we do first? First a little of your Let's create a mind map of the changes. A mind map of change has been created. These basic You have seen the change, but only one change. Make a mind map. What are these changes? Are they happening? Now we will talk about Letter Vedic. About Era. Listening to the Later Vedic Era What changes are there? and any changes remain So tell me. Later Vedic Era First Changes What is? The first change is about the timeline. In. The first change is regarding the timeline. Talking about the timeline, we The period from 1000 BC to 600 BC Yes, I will give it to you in the letter. Ok? First The biggest change that has come is casteism. The caste system has arrived. Now according to birth I'm not sure what you What are you going to do will now be decided. Sorry Do not decide according to your actions. Will be done. Now decide according to birth is done. Secondly, now Rajan has become Brother, he is our emperor. Yes sir. Now Rajuwajo No, he is the emperor. Now there is no election. There will be no election for him. the king's son He will become king. Now brother has become powerful. Now You will keep conducting elections. They Not participating in the election One. Now become the powerful. Now brother It has become powerful. Now the third change It is very interesting and very important It is also true that Raju has become powerful. The king's power increased. Now he sacrificed The compulsory. Yes, what was sacrifice before? sacrifice It meant tax. Earlier sacrifice was not compulsory. He said whoever wants to give will give. to whom no He will not give what he wants. Now he became this Said sacrifice is compulsory. Will have to give. Raju He said, where will we have to sacrifice brother? Speak Sacrifices will have to be made. How much sacrifice is being taken? 1/6 Please note this also. Bali becomes the Compulsory tax. Sacrifice is compulsory. Give You will have to sacrifice yourself. How can you not give? No If you give, Raju will kill Bal Bikam The compulsory That is the third thing, the land has become absent. of Now the land will be important Cow was important earlier They fought for the cow now they are fighting for the Land and earlier their tribe was called Jana Now their tribe is called Janpada. Tribe has come to mean Janpada Janpada What does Pada mean? It means feet. Now Tribe has set foot Now Tribe Tribe becomes territorial based foothold Gave. Jan has kept the post. I placed my foot. Now land is important for us brother. Now We don't fight for cows. We are not Fighting for the Cow Anymore. now we are Fighting for the Land. Who owns the land Is too much? Now man's greatness is from the ground Will be seen. After that, now their major What is the occupation? Now Major Occupation became agriculture. talked about I told you about it. Now do farming. Agriculture. Ok? Currently farming Are. I did these things. So look after this you Look, if we talk about religion Brahma Vishnu Mahesh now Indra Bhagwan Famous No, Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh, for them now. You will become very famous because of this butt Still, so much of my change has happened, but still There is no standing army yet Note that there is no standing army There is no standing army yet. Standing Army They still don't have a standing army. Do you think I should not join the standing army? Don't have the standing army round now They still don't have a standing army. There is still no concept of a standing army. Okay, there's still no standing army. They got iron. we talked What did they do because of curry iron? land Started farming inside the land. But Still They Don't Have the Standing Army That we have all the standing army. We They will do it, they don't have the standing Army. This is a very major change here. Is. These are the major changes. And here is one There will be a major change. And now they are made Temple. Now idol worship is happening. of the temple Worshiping the idol of the god inside Started it. And some other changes as well Is. But these are the major changes which you need To know. And this should condition women It will go a little bad. Yes sir. women's The condition will decline. The condition of women is this decline Will happen. So let's understand each one by one. Get started. Isn't it? So look at the basics Let's start understanding. Now the first one I said things that look now the first It was a matter. Now the change has happened brother. These Janpadas Have been made. Now what did he do? First So it was within the Sapta Sindhu region. Now ahead Increase. As we moved forward, we reached Bihar. Look, this is a great district. Kaushala is a district. Videhi district Is. Isn't it? You see, there is Kunti district. His Look later, there is Panchali district. Just moved ahead. He said, brother, this land is mine, this land is yours. Now That is not there, there is no cow. the cow is Important is sacred. But this land is yours The land is mine. Now they are fighting for land. Let's move ahead. As if this is a weak district He went ahead. Weak. Now Kuru is very powerful Is. Kuru settled here. Now someone's I don't have the courage to remove Kuru from here. So people slowly started settling further away. They happen. Now land is important. So Now they have increased their area. geographical The expansion has taken place. Now it is only Sapta Sindhu Do not live within the region. secondly Let brother become the king now. The Emperor and a A new concept of nation comes. Nation What does it mean? Country. Now people have first I explained repeatedly that this is my country. this land my country is. Now people go for they are not Fighting for the cow any more. Anymore. Now They are fighting for the land. Said this land My king is mine. This is my king and this It's my land. Whoever comes to my land, I I will kill him. Secrets of the concept inside the mind I have arrived. After that Janpada has been formed and as that I said that now the king's son is the king will form. The king will be spoken of clearly The son will become king. The power of the assembly committee is over. It is done. How powerful were the Sabha committees earlier? of the assembly has worked. The assembly used to do the work of the king. Now The king is not elected at all. So look at the meeting She sits like this, the king will sit on top. meeting only It is left for the name sake. His words to the king If he wants to believe then he will believe. Otherwise I will not Will agree. There is a committee too, but it exists only in name. And the creator will definitely be destroyed. The creator is finished. It was the creator who distributed the looted goods. Was. The creator said there is no creator. Now You will have to do whatever I say. Very Changes are happening. Now do whatever the king says. Will have to. Then talk about sacrifice. Do it. Now sacrifice becomes compulsory, remember that. But now they are not fighting for the cow Are fighting for the land. And how much is the sacrifice? Tell me once, please tell me. asked questions How much sacrifice should be given? how much sacrifice you have To pay? How much tax to pay? How much sacrifice Do you want to give it? You have to give 1/2. give 1/3 Is. 1/8 sacrifice has to be made. 1/6 how much sacrifice to make Do you have it? If you want to give the ball. sacrifice It is compulsory to sacrifice, brother, you will have to sacrifice. How much sacrifice will have to be made? How much sacrifice do you have to pay? Tell. How much sacrifice will have to be made? Tell me quickly. It is very important, isn't it? Hi. How much sacrifice Is? Gave the correct answer. Some children gave the correct answer. Some gave it wrong. But many people have slept here Correctly given. Look it is 1/6 now. Sorry 1/6 Isn't it? It is going to last for a long time. 1/6 Is. Bali Bal is 1/6 now. Did you remember? right now I told you. Even if it is 1/6. ok ok Is. So things are getting clear, I understand. Are things happening? Ok? Now look at the king who He doesn't have the standing, the poor guy has it. Not the army. King Doesn't Have the Standing Army. There is a king but the king himself does not have Have the standing army. Now what did the king do? Kara? To show yourself powerful I am so much powerful. Raja is stammering There are big yagyas. Like these four yagnas Let's talk about it. Of the four yagnas Let's talk about at least three. The first king sacrifices himself important To tell this the king will perform a yagya. told him Rajas Surya Yagya will take place. the king's powers To receive that powers me meet. As you may remember in Mahabharata Yudhishthira performed the royal Surya Yagna. He said, I am the king of the whole world. He is his Let me claim you as the emperor of the world I am. So a new concept has come, Rajasurya Of the yagya. The other performs a yajna. that is Ashwamedha Yagya. What is inside the Ashwamedha Yagna? Is it done? You will know that your empire Left the horse for the expansion of. Horse If I left it, then wherever the horse All that land belongs to the king who The king has a horse and there are many things about this horse. The army moves like the army is moving now. If someone stopped the horse, this king What will the army say if the horse is stopped? Get ready for war, fight with me brother. Now the third war which was important was yours. It is important that it is called Raj Surya I have heard about this yagya. I have heard about this yagya. Have you seen this yagya? Has anyone seen it enough? There used to be an interesting yagya, what about it? It used to be said, Raj, what is inside this? The king rode a horse and the king's horse If he won, the king would display his power. Was. There used to be horse racing. Now the king is like this Excuse me, Raja, this is how you behaved. Demonstrating power inside Isra Is. So look, it's not very important, but Remember, the king is doing some of these things, but The poor guy has no standing army. Already informed and tax is being taken One by six. Is it clear? Understood Went? Ok? And Sanghartri was this officer. Who used to collect taxes. collect tax The one who does it is also an officer. So look very We got to see all the changes. Early Later Vedic Era Within the Vedic Era and The liter Vedic Era is small. But the biggest Changes According to the Late Vedic Era Whatever happened to me was absolutely right for society. It was not, it was racism. Casteism has entered the society. Casteism has now entered the society. racism What does it mean? A text in the Rigveda Is. There is a text. That text is called Purusha Sukta. That Remembering the question in the verse of the male gnosis The question was asked whether casteism was the first For the first time there was the Four Fold Path. character system Where was it first described? So Purusha Sukta in the Purusha Sukta of the Rigveda It is a part of Rigveda. a verse in it Caste was discussed for the first time in Is. Talking about caste for the first time Are. Before talking about racism I didn't do it anywhere. But the man of Rigveda There is a hymn in it that for the first time casteism is mentioned. It is talked about. about caste Let me talk about this caste, sir. As It is written in it that when we read this verse So after reading the verse it is understood that Sir, there will be four types of classes in the society. The first is Brahmin. He asked, where is the Brahmin from? Turned out? What came out of Brahma's mouth He is a Brahmin. Second Kshatriya. Lord Brahma The one who came out of the arms is a Kshatriya. It is his job to tell the society what work to do. Will be. After that, from the stomach of Brahma Ji What came out of it is Vaishya and Brahma ji The one who comes out from the feet is a Shudra. now over here It is misinterpreted. What does it mean It happens that the work of a Brahmin Society will have to do it through their speech Improve. The work of Brahmins is to keep the society right. To show direction. Brahmin will tell in the society What is right, what is wrong. of the Brahmin The job is to impart knowledge. If society is headed in the wrong direction If he is going inside then the Brahmin will show him the right direction. Will take you inside. To give knowledge of Brahman The one who is a Brahmin. Knowledge of Brahma. Who is Brahma? God Is. Said the one who gives the knowledge of Brahma Brahmin. Because God himself comes and gives knowledge Can't give. That's why Brahmin is It is the duty of a Brahmin to go and Can't give knowledge. Will the Brahmin tell you? What is right and what is wrong. of the Kshatriya enemies The destroyer Kshatriya. Work of a Kshatriya You will have to protect your nation. arms Came out from Emerging from the arms of Brahma means the protector Kshatriya Is. that whenever the enemy attacks the nation The one who protects will be a Kshatriya. After that Who came out of the stomach from there? came out of the stomach Vaishya. What does stomach mean? Meal. Food means economy. So the work of a Vaishya will be To create the economy of this society. Therefore, Vaishya What do you do? Vaishyas do business. Those who are called Maniya Jains are Vaishyas. They do business. and lastly the Shudra Shudras came out from the feet. Now with the Shudra feet Why did you come out? Because Shudra is the pillar of society Is. The body cannot stand without legs. Society cannot exist without Shudras. this thought At that time it was believed that Shudra was the pillar of the society. Shudra will help all three of them. whether Be it a Kshatriya, a Vaishya or You are a Brahmin. work to help them It belongs to the Shudra. Society cannot function without Shudras. Can. Shudra was described as the pillar of the society. The feet are the pillars of your body. of the feet Without it the body will fall. Society without Shudras It will be over. that was the ideology that Time. But what did he tell after some twist and turn? Shudra is weak. But in reality, Shudra The point of describing it as a pillar of Samas It was done here. Okay, fine. just remember How will you prepare yourself for the exam? Remember that talking about racism Inside the man's body. This is a basic thing Remember, child, understand it clearly. Went. It is a basic thing. inside the brain Please keep it. Now at this time inside the society Look, a lot of things have happened. Butt something If I say a basic thing that in the society Many changes have also taken place. like racism I have arrived. Now if there is casteism then what is there in the society Is? that marriages should start happening differently She goes. Now it is no longer the case that you only Will marry differently. a lot of kinds Types of marriage came into existence. We are one of every kind We will talk about. But in society, one Major change has come here. and a new one The concept comes into the society. that is Dwija. What does Dwija mean? One A new concept of Dwija has come. these notes It is very important to do it. The question comes here The concept of Dwija belongs to which era? Did you come in? Society in the Later Vedic Era The concept of Dwija came. Meaning of Dwija What happens? What does Dwija mean? Is? To be born again. You know the meaning of Dwija. did anyone hear What does Dwija mean? Who is called Dwija? what is the real Meaning of Dwija? That sir is a Dwija. Dwija What does it mean? Tell me. To be born again. to be born again What does it mean? To be born again. We mean Dwija To be born again. Yes sir. See what happens Is? Reborn. Reborn doesn't mean You will be killed and you will be reborn. Dwijaya means that in this there is straight This is what is said about the Guru-disciple tradition. about. You are born again when Your thinking changes. your new birth It happens when your thoughts change. You are born again when you A huge change in feelings inside Comes. Your feelings are not the same anymore doing. Now your thinking is not the same. Now You don't think like that. Now your The thinking has changed. That is the Twice Born. Let's talk about an example. There was a child, a child You haven't gone to the academy yet. You will be reborn inside the academy. Dwij is going to be there, your thinking Your thoughts will change, basically. This is what is talked about in Dwija What does it mean that Guru and disciple The Guru will go to the Guru and give the disciple a new name. He used to say that from today your name is this. Whatever you did in your old life I have done things, now forget them I will teach you everything new, your new He was about to be born and was called Dwijaya. And this led to the beginning of the Guru-disciple tradition and The concrete used to be that way. So the basic thing Remember. But look, society is still rural. Is. So you will remember the basic things. To understand Have you come son? Is it clear? Yes sir. and eight There were different types of marriages. I will tell you about it sometime About eight types of marriages. How many? This There are eight types of marriages at the time. I want to understand about marriages. eight kinds of Marriages take place at that time. marriages that Its types have increased. At this time, there are eight types of There were marriages. Like Brahma marriage, After that there is physical marriage, joy marriage, Prajapatya marriage. If you get time, tell me your point do. We will do it, but now remember that there are eight ways Vampire Marriages All Monster Marriages Look how dangerous it is. forcibly to the girl They picked him up and took him away. Asur marriage girl's payment You got the girl and married her. Gandharva, your love marriage is not right. Were considered. These four types of marriages were as follows: Who is mean. Adham means not right. This is Not the good. This is not right. Rejection Vampire marriage was the worst. it was a Worst form. In this you lied to the girl spoke. You made a relationship with me by lying every. And what did you do after that? from him He refused to marry her and said Later I will tell you, sir, you are a vampire. Somebody's wrong with this woman you You are building relationships by telling lies. So Please remember these things. So this is so much It is important, otherwise I would have given it a little I am skipping. Ok? Question from here If we don't make much then we will talk about it. Will not talk. But at list remember eight Various types of marriages were discussed. The condition of women has worsened. tell I had given it. Isn't it? be very bad Because the condition of women is very bad. The condition of women is bad at this time. After that, if we talk clearly then see Agriculture has become important in society Is. Now here we have discussed some basic things. But curry and three gods are the most important Have already done. Which three gods are there, son? Three Who is God? Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh and Let us talk here that idol worship has come now. It is already done. Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh are the most God is important. Idol worship here But it has arrived. And if we talk about The concept of Dakshina came. of the Dakshina What does it mean? that any man If anyone is talking about If a Brahmin comes to your house, you He will have to be given Dakshina. to any work Follow very strict rituals before doing it have to do it. So a new Dakshina The concept has been started here. Remember this basic thing, it is very important Is. Okay, and now in the graphical form. I will tell you anything. Now some There is an important officer inside this Vedic. Remembering the names of important officials Are. Like let's talk about an example. Who is a priest? The king was called a priest Will go. He will be the head of the army, not the army. Sangeetri, this is important. of the musician It means treasure. one who has a collection of wealth Who will protect the king's wealth. He is the king's accountant. Sangeetri said Will go. Then you will see it here Bhagdoot. What is Bhagdoot, sir? Bhagdoot He is a tax collecting officer. Tax Brother, he will take tax from everyone, you just pay this much tax. Two. After that yarn. What will be called yarn? You have heard about Sutaputrakarna. Sutaputrakarna used to speak. If you see Mahabharata So Sutaputrakarna said. Sut means charioteer It used to happen. The charioteer was called Suta. charioteer Son. sut putrakarna meaning sut meaning There was a charioteer. And this charioteer is not just a chariot Let's run it. They also sang songs for the king. Were. Yes sir. They also sing songs of the king's bravery. I will give you my teeth. because in the war The king was accompanied only by a charioteer. Now the charioteer If he is with the king then what did the king do? In the war, who was killed and what was killed? He only The charioteer knows. So to praise the king The charioteer also used to sing songs inside. and in the last The most important one is Akshavaap. these notes Do it son. Who is Ashwa Akshavab? That The king used to gamble at that time. So it was his job to teach the king how to gamble. It used to happen. He is the worst officer. King will teach him to gamble. So this is a basic thing Is. Remember the chief of the Vedic period There are important ministers. Ok? Ahead Let's talk more. in graphical format You will understand. What is it now at this time? Veda is Purana. Now how many Vedas are there? And Six philosophies emerged from the Vedas. Six Philosophies It came out. What are the six philosophies? A number. Who gave Sankhya philosophy? Kapil, please remember this. Breath by Kapil Philosophy is given. Who gave yoga? Patanjali must have heard Patanjali. Yoga Patanjali Gave it. Justice has been given by Maharishi Gautam did. Just remember the basic thing. In the notes Read this. After that the speciality was given The father of atomic physics is named Kanaga. Kanaga gave. Autom He gave the theory of atom. So this is its father. After that Vimas Vimas Given by Maharishi Jaimini. Not Gemini Jaimini. And lastly Vedanta which Its answer will be called Vimas. It has been given Maharishi Vad Narayan. Remember the basic thing Please keep it. After that when we talk about the four Vedas If we talk about it, what are our four Vedas? Rigveda. Now what do you remember about the Rig Veda? Want to keep it? See, Rigveda is the oldest Veda. It was written later but Rigveda is the oldest. Is. The oldest is the Rigveda. of the Rig Veda Remember about it. Total 1028 in Rigveda This is a verse. And how many parts are there in Rigveda? There are 10 parts. Most important. of the world It is the oldest text. Ok? of the Rig Veda The third circle contains the Gayatri Mantra. Memory Please keep it. And in the 10th Mandal there is Purusha Sukta. Did you remember? Talk about the four characters Kari Purushakta in the 10th Mandala of Rigveda. Second is Samaveda. Remembering the Samaveda Keep it son. He is the father of Indian music. Indian music was started by Samaveda. The father of Indian music is Samaveda. Very It is important. The third is Yajurveda. Yajurveda talks about Yagya. How to perform Yagya? about rituals The matter was discussed. And talk about the Atharvaveda Do it. Atharvaveda tells about medicines In. Witchcraft, superstition, medicine how have to be made, about medicines about it Information is given about Atharvaveda. So look, this is a basic thing and it is very important. Is. Remember this. Did you understand? Is it clear? Now apart from the Vedas, our country There are also Upanishads. How many Upanishads? There are 108 Upanishads. To note. How many Upanishads There are 108 which will also be called Vedanta. And