Lost in the distance, I lost myself in my style Be it a part of my heart or against you Why so hello learners welcome to this Amazing Amazing Platform of Next Topper Junior where we build the future of the country Are. My name is Pranav Singh Kanyal, I teach I am giving you Social Science AKA Social Studies. So brother, we have started the first chapter. Finished Geography. you people Gave good response to that also. And today we Doing the second chapter. you last I had already said in the class that when I I will teach you history, It's going to be a lot of fun and history has been made. It's starting. The chapter is reshaping India's Political map. Finished the entire chapter today. I will give you this and teach you history like this You will enjoy this chapter. Brother. So now with the permission of all the children Shall we start today's lecture? Quick Say. Should we start? Yes sir. Ok. Lets go. Everyone is saying start it. So Brother, let's start this chapter as per my opinion. Reading from. Ok? What is written on the back now? let him go. On what I am saying Pay attention. The history of India is It is divided into three parts. what did you say Prana Sir? which is the history of Hindustan It is divided into three parts. Sir Which ones? First Ancient History. this that History is what you study in class six. Have you come? And please tell me once in the comments Tell. Did you study Indus in class six? Didn't you read Valley Civilization? Harappa I had not read it, I had not read Mohenjo Daro, Chandragupta did not study the Vedic period I haven't read Maurya. So that is what it is called Ancient History. The history that followed It begins and is called medieval. History. And in this chapter we will get to know about medieval My child, you have to study history only. So Ancient, then Medieval and then Modern I will teach you chapter number four. Inside is the colonial era in India. That When the British come to India and when Gandhiji will launch a movement against them. That is called modern history. so but what is pranav studying in class today Sir? Today's class is studying medieval History. Which is where we start 11th which is starting in the beloved country India From the century. What is my name? Please tell me. What is my name? Please comment once Tell. Yes, tell me. Pranav Sir, Pranav Sir Doctor Strange What does it do? It takes us back in time. All the children, tell me in the comments, what are you doing now? The 21st century is not going on, the 21st century is going on Isn't it true, tell me everyone, we are living in the 21st century. Now I will make you time travel to the 11th I will take him to the 12, 13, 14, 15 centuries and I will tell you what is happening in India. Hearing this, there were some places I promise your blood will also open it. Please make me time travel with you, Mr. And take us to the 11th century. So We have reached the 11th century. leave behind what is written? It doesn't matter. My Listen to the story. Just like that you will get its full I will remind you in class. So when 11th If we are talking about century then Professor Ek Tell me what happened in the 11th century. What was happening in India? So 11th There should be infiltration in India within a century Was being. Who is doing this intrusion? Sir They are just infiltrating. So now read a new Era India's journey began in the early 11th A new thing in the 11th century It started inside India. What happened? Invasions. What does invasion mean? Infiltration. Now Pranast, who is doing this infiltration? Meni Of these invaders were Central Asian. and this Who was it? Basically they are Turkish and Afghani. After Crossing the Hindu Kush Mountains. So as much as Central Asian There are countries like today's Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan from here Inviters means intruders in India Coming to cross the Hindu Kush Mountains After. Don't worry, I will tell you about the entire map. Who is coming from where and how? So 11th Write it in the comments once in a century? Is there no infiltration inside India? It is happening. Who is doing it? These Central People coming from Asia are doing it. basically Who are these people? It's either Turkish or Are Afghans. And what are they doing with it? Are? They were drawn to India not only for Her Reputed Riches. They say that my Friend that India is a golden bird It was said at one time. So to steal the money These people came with him with territorial ambitions. Also came along. That is our empire. came to increase inside India and its together To spread by the force of violence if Necessarily their own versions of their religion. that to spread his religion he Came to India. And wherever they They even needed to resort to violence. and many more in this chapter Instances will be found where this violence do. So far everyone understands the story. No? Said nothing. I said Hindustan There was an intrusion into the 11th century Has been. Now see how this infiltration is happening. Is? This is a very beautiful map of India. Like. And if my knowledge of direction is correct If so, we call it North. Isn't it? This is called South. This is called waste And this is called East. what so much Did everyone understand? North, South, West, East. Is that okay? This is India. Now this which You get to see the Hindu Kush Mountains My children, this is not about any one country. It is not in a mountain range. some part of it It is in Pakistan, some part of it It is in Afghanistan. So, this is a huge There is a mountain range and it can be crossed from here. Only by doing this people can infiltrate into India Have been. So, this is the North West part. Pick up the history of India and see it. Most of the attacks inside India are from here. Happened from the place. And even today this is true for India. The North West part remains a threat. Because Pakistan is here. So what so Everyone understood that these people were from Hindukush. Crossing the mountains to India Coming in and attacking. What Did everyone understand this much? Tell me quickly, comment In. Did everyone get it? Said a simple thing I have. Now what's coming in the next slide He has always kept the history of India Changed for. Why sir? right now you I told you this is happening in the 11th century. Infiltration. Now Sir, tell me this about the 12th century What is happening inside India? Now Forget what is written on the back. My Listen to the story. what is he saying inside 1191 Listen carefully. First under 1191 Battle of Turenne. This is my terrain place. Friend, this is in Haryana. as many children Tell Haryana. of Karnal district This is the place inside. There is a happening here A very fierce war. Sir, there is a war going on. Happening in 1191. But Pranav Sir, this is Tell me, between whom is this happening? So on one side Prithviraj Chauhan's army is on one side Mohammad Ghori's army and his army I have been fighting. And what happens in this battle? Are you my children? that of Prithviraj Chauhan The army wins against the army of Mohammad Ghori. Against. And Prithviraj Chauhan had this There is an opportunity to behead Mohammad Ghori. To blow. But they don't do that. And My friend says that whoever knows his enemy Forgive him, history never forgives him. This will happen with Prithviraj Chauhan. of 1192 Inside, this same Mohammed Ghori who was defeated will come. Fought Prithviraj Chauhan again in 1192 That is, in the Second Battle of Teren and this time Prithviraj Chauhan will lose to Mohammad Ghori India will win and from here History will be changed forever. You Read it. Are you enjoying it or not? Tell me quickly. Very You will be told history with great intensity I will teach. I will remind you right here. Promise It is mine. So the same is written here also. 1191 First Battle of Teren Prithviraj Chauhan Mohammad Ghori. Prithviraj Chauhan won. Second Battle of Terrian in 1192 Prithviraj Chauhan was defeated and Hindustan History changed. In your NCERT 1191 is not mentioned. But I don't I agree, friend. Pick up your NCERT See what the First Battle of Train 1191 is all about. Is it mentioned or not? There is no mention at all. But before 1192 I have to tell you this I will have to tell you that in 1191 What happened in India? So here's the win Mohammad Gauri and Prithviraj Chauhan will go We will lose and the history of India will be forever will change to. Now say this Pranay Sir What is changing the history of India? In? Delhi in the history of India My reign is about to begin Friends. Read Delhi Sultanate. my class History will be taught like this. First Listen to my story. This PDF is for you I will definitely get it. Ok? So first my story listen because when you sit in the exam hall If you do, you will remember my stories. Will come. So far everyone understands the story. That Mohammad Ghori won in 1192. Now What would have happened to my children? At that time, this They are slaves, slave means slave. Slave Means servant. These were bought in large quantities and Some slaves were very loyal. So this is what It was Mohammad Ghori who defeated Prithviraj Chauhan. Defeated. He had a very loyal slave, There was a slave named Qutubuddin Aibak and He will start the Delhi Sultanate. This is it First point. Mohammad Ghori's slave which Is Qutubuddin Aibak led the foundation of Delhi Sultanate. So if that one number comes from you Ask in MCQ. who led the Foundation of Delhi Sultanate? Mohammad Ghori No, the slave of Mohammad Ghori whose name What is? Qutubuddin Aibak. And here Five dynasties will come, don't worry. I know you don't remember that. You can remember it with the help of a mnemonic. I will get it done and our Kishore Sir will be included in it. I will use it too. So first of all we I understood what you had inside the Delhi Sultanate. Qutubuddin Aibak is the one who is starting it. Second point five dynasty rule here which You can see it on the right screen. Its I will also tell you about it. So these five Dynasty is their first product sir Now that you said Delhi, tell me about it. The Sultanate began. Now here are five Families will come. one two 3 4 5 so these five Will he ask you about the chronological order? I said, just tell me who came first and who If you come later, you will know this sequence. It should be so brother, I expect it. I promise that you will be in every class You should remember, if not then next time The mnemonic will definitely appear in my slide. Brother, don't worry, watch the first Dynasty. Remember by name whose name is Qutubuddin Aibak This dynasty was a slave of Mohammad Ghori. What is the name of this Slave Dynasty? There are two more names, who knows, slave to you? If you ask something else after asking, we will be complete. I will go after preparing. to whomever from wherever If you want to make a paper, ask brother. Slave Ilbari And these are the names of the same dynasty. Which started in 1206. So if he I ask you about the beginning of the Delhi Sultanate. When did it happen? Happened in 1206. Who did it? Qutubuddin Aibak did it. which dynasty Was it from? This was from the Slave Dynasty. So much Is it clear? After this Khilji will come Dynasty. This is the same Alauddin Khilji. Whose character was played by Ranbir Singh in Padmaavat Did it in the movie. So after the slaves will come Khilji. Tughlaq will come after Khilji. he says There is a saying that don't be too Tughlaq. So these same Tughlaqs will come. After Tughlaq Syed will come. Lodhi will come after Syed. So These five dynasties will come and about them We will study its main important rulers. about. Write with me in the comments now. The first slave dynasty. Second Khilji. Third Tughlaq Syed Lodi. Slaves, Khiljis, Tughlaq, Sayyid, Lodi. These were five dynasties. Don't worry now. You need mnemonics I will remind you with help. Let's move on to the next point Let's read on. while certain parts of Northern India came under the control of Delhi Sultanate Neighboring Kingdom True Edge East And Ganga. Very Very Very In The East and Hoysalas in the South resisted there Advance. That is, the North Path is India So here this is about the Delhi Sultanate. All the rulers were ruling very well. Were. But when they come to the South, There would have been many independent kingdoms in the South. Are. As in the East, Eastern Ganges. Now we will read more about it and Down south was the Hoysala Kingdom. So They tried very hard to stop them I tried. Read the last point. The City of Delhi has assumed a bigger role in the Political Landscape of Northern India. You must have heard the saying that whoever Delhi conquered his India. So It is here that the role of Delhi increased so much that The one who conquered Delhi Took control of India. So right now this It is happening. Now I told you that You can remember it with the help of mnemonics. I will get it done. So this is the mnemonic. Ok? These Our dear Kishore Sir, your maths You teach, right? With their help, you will remember To five dynasties. So what do you have to remember? So Kishore Sir is returning by truck. What Listen again. So Kishore Sir returned by truck. Have been. What happened last week, my children? Kishore Sir was going somewhere. Ask them now Where was he going? So I told him, friend Get into the train van. He said no No, I will go by truck. I said Okay brother, it's your wish. Where did they go now? by truck? You should ask this. So So Kishore Sir is returning by truck, this is the mnemonic. S What will you not remember? Quick Say quickly. Slave Dynasty. Don't you remember Kishor Sir Khilji? Will it remain? Anyway Kishore Sir is great He has a beard. It seems so too. by truck Will you not remember that Tughlaq Remember this like this, the exam will ask you What will you not remember from Syed And when you return, won't you remember? That talking about Lodhi Dynasty, Kishore Sir Returning by truck from S to So to Slave From Kishore Sir to Khilji Truck to Tughlaq to yours Syed and then Lodhi now I hope Everyone must have understood it, even in my sleep. He should ask, in chronological order, Tell me five dynasties and tell me 100 Kishore Sir was returning by truck. Ok? talk Did you understand? Very good. Now let's move ahead Are. Now Sir, tell me one thing about this Sultanate The rule was what was happening in this Hindustan Inside? Read. The Period Was Marked By Political instability. Political Instability means that this secret There was no stability where we were doing it. There was no stability in the government. Now Sir, this Why not? Because brother, all this is They were made for the sake of someone else's life. Any He is killing someone. Will read further now. Any He is dealing with someone. So here There was a lot of political stability because change Been there many times. New rulers are coming Were. Someone else came in the Slave Dynasty, Khilji Someone else came in, someone in Tughlaq, someone in Syed Someone, someone in Lodi. So now in this way There was political instability because everyone bent on killing each other Was. Combined with the efforts of territorial Expansion. That is to expand the empire. Us. These were his two ideas. They have Raided Villages and Cities and Destroyed Temples and Seeds of Learning. So when this When they came to India, how many Destroyed the temple. How many places were destroyed where It was taught at. Like Nalanda. Ok? So when this first political stability came Brought it. Came to expand his empire. His Later, temples were demolished and many other places were demolished. We will see further what was broken where. Successions were offen violent. almost to out of every three Sultan Sees powered by Eliminating their predecessor. This point's It simply means there is one king. this rule doing. Now there will be someone who wants it I will kill him and I will kill him If I kill you, then I will become a king. Should I go? And right now these people will be here Became the murderer of someone else's life. So this is what is happening Is. That's why A Sultan's Average Reign Was Hardly More Than 9 years. that no Sultan has been in power for 9 years No particular Sultan rules anymore I was able to do it because there were so many deaths. Here. Ok? So first I told you Taught Slave Dynasty. in which year Is the form done? Who formed Bol 1206? Qutubuddin Aibak. Just remember this and nothing else Don't remember. Now after slave you said Pranab Sir, Khilji Dynasty will come and now it will come. Who is it? It is coming. Alauddin Khilji. This is the same Alauddin Khilji. Ranveer Singh. Remember. Who has seen the movie? Padmaavat? Please tell me. Who has seen the movie? Many have seen it in the quick comments. Let us go. So Ranveer in the movie Padmaavat Singh played the role of Alauddin Khilji Was. And this is what you see on the right screen You are here, this was Malik Kapoor. Their story too I will tell you now. Don't worry. Big This is his interesting story. you sang that song Didn't you hear? Binti Dil Mirriya Mein. Now Go to YouTube and search. So these The chemistry between the two brothers was amazing. So in 14 century Alauddin Khilji Conducted military campaigns over large areas of North and Central India that these Kept attacking and he sacked and plundered Various cities also registered various Mughals Look at the Mongol invasions of Alauddin Khilji. When I talk about my children, this Many times the Mongols were prevented from coming to India. I stopped him, so he was powerful, so it's okay. So but it did a lot when this military He was campaigning and attacking a lot. All this has ruined things, one of its Malik Kafur was a slave, here he is brother, look at this Our Khilji is Malik Kafur like Mohammad Who was Gauri's slave, who was in the comments? Quickly, before I speak, we The great Qutubuddin Aibak in the same manner Alauddin Khilji also had a great slave. The loyal one whose name was Malik Kafur Padmavat You did not see that scene in the movie when it The uncle is coming to meet him. So whatever Ranbir Singh is wearing He snatches it and says Alauddin We also brought you something precious. Are. So who brings his uncle? Malik To Kafur. And remember how that scene happened? It happens? that Alauddin Khilji comes i.e. That Ranveer Singh. What else does he say? He says your name is Malik Kafur sir. He says the name of the perfume is not yours but Jannat. Paradise. What can you do for us? Some? Too. I can give my life. what can you know yes? So he says that his uncle is his life His ministers are there to blow these two away. And in the meantime Ranveer Singh says, in the meantime It blows away. So loyal that way This is Malik Kafur. So this Malik Kafur is expands the Sultanate and this Southward means South of India And many kingdoms defeats the. He also attacks several Hindus Centers which include Srirangam, Madurai, Chidambaram and possibly Rameswaram. that as much as There were also secret things of Hinduism, centers This Malik Kafur was in Southern India, he too He goes after destroying it. So this was the story Of Alauddin Khilji. Did you understand? everyone Did you understand or not? Tell me quickly. Very Okay. Now a question will be made from the slide I am speaking right now. Don't say anything later Sir, you did not make it. This Alauddin He was Khilji, we used to call him Sikandar-e-Saini. I got an encryption, I got a who of this It says that Alauddin Khilji was defeated by Alexander. He was called A Saini. Now Sir this is Sikandar A Saini Sikandar Saini means Alexander the It used to be great, right? So give it a whirl I went to conquer the whole world I will leave. So in the same way Alauddin Khilji also had many passions that I I will conquer the whole world. Obviously this did not happen. so that's why Alexander i.e. Sikandar Saini is called It is for Alauddin. Because it also has a lot of There were all ambitions. What were I that I was completely Should I take over the world? Now that from you Answer the question quickly. Which Ruler in Delhi Sultanate is also known as Sikandar Saini? Who was called Sikandar A Saini? used to go? a B C D. quickly quickly quickly Hurry up brother. I need an answer quickly. Tell me quickly. We are very good. Answer will be D. This from you One number will be asked in MCQ. Alexander Alauddin was called Saini. coming now Hey brother, Mohammad bin Tughlaq. You told me sir On one side came the Slave Dynasty first and then Khilji. After Khilji, Tughlaq. And what did I say You will get one from each dynasty. The important thing is to read about rulers. And I have to read till here. About Syed Lodhi We don't have to read anything special. That Dynasty It was not that strong. Your NC It does not even mention NCERT much. But from here the question will arise. already I am speaking brother. Now coming to the picture Inside, Mohammad bin Tughlaq was beside him. I have written Mad King i.e. mad. Now Sir, why are you calling him mad? This What did the poor guy do to it? I will tell you what Did. Speak sweetly. He Controlled Almost the entire subcontinent. the whole of Indian subcontinent should rule over it by Had been. This means that its territory was It was quite big. For the First Time Since the Mauryan Empire. The Subtinent Was Now under one ruler. So what does it mean to say Is? Like Chandragupta Maurya who you class You must have come after studying in class six. So Chandragupta The Mauryas ruled the entire Indian Spreading his empire over the subjugated Was. In the same way, Mohammad bin Tughlaq also Established his empire over the entire subcontinent Had kept it. So sir, when it burnt so much empire If it was made then why are you calling it cross yes? Because these two experiments and both fail miserably. Let's go. People abuse it a lot. What does he do? And this is two marks from you. I will ask that in MCQ. tell me About the Failed Experiments of Mohammed Bin Tughlaq. You speak straight, Pranav said. one was shifting of capital from Delhi to Daulatabad. I will explain Don't worry. The second was token currency. Shifting of Capital Token Currency. these two These are its field experiments. So shifting What is happening off-Capital? One Truth The experiment was shifting of capital From Delhi to Daulatabad. Daulatabad There is a place in Maharashtra. So many people Are you from there? Please let me know by commenting. Ok? So this brother just told me the third slide I mean, whoever conquered Delhi, his entire Hindustan. So this is on brother's mind. The idea is that why don't I from Delhi I move my capital to Daulatabad and If I take the capital. Now you You will ask sir why is he doing this? Why? He thought it is more central location would offer Better control of the empire. that brother, when I When I reach Daulatabad, then I will be completely I will see India very comfortably. These I was thinking like this. But this experiment It fails. Why read? The People Var Force to travel over 1000 km. The route from Delhi to Daulatabad Almost 1100 km today. is around. So 1000 km He leads his people Let's go to Daulatabad brother. And that was a few years later What do you say? My plan did not work. thought I was very good. My plan worked No. So many people were killed and capital Was shifted again to Delhi. So first of all Experimented. Sitting in Delhi Easy Going. I have to go to Daulatabad. Reach Daulatabad Went. Then they say they are not enjoying it. Let us go Back and whatever happened with this plan, it happened. Misfired. And many people died because of this. I traveled far and somewhere I saw sunshine It also came and many people died due to it, so people's I got angry at him and said, brother, how are you? Is it a ruler, brother? You have become our enemy It has happened. Sometimes you take me from Delhi to Daulatabad Used to be. From Delhi Daulatabad to Delhi going. So the first field experiment Was shifting of capital. Second Was Token Currency. Now sir, what about this token currency? it means? Mohammad bin Tughlaq introduces Coins which are made up of silver instead Of Silver and Gold. So these copper ones There are coins, he introduces it. Gold and silver coins are already in circulation There are. But Muhammad bin Tughlaq Obviously, when he appointed such a big umpire If he did, he would be fighting too. So they have There is a shortage of gold and silver. So His plan is good, friend, that of copper I will take the coins. a bit cheaper too If you fall, this will also happen. But this intelligent Smarter than the process. People Did Not Trust the Copper Coins. Many fell fake Coins. That means people stayed at home Make copper coins brother. which created Confusion. Trade and Economy Suffered and the The experiment failed. So I thought it was okay, this brother He said, friend, I make copper coins. Sleep I have less silver. But people also Intelligent. People said brother, we are at our home We will make it. So there was a lot of currency mixing. And its economy was ruined. So That's why he's called the Mad King, brother. He tried very hard, he tried very hard I did it but my brother could not get success, so this This is the story of Mohammad bin Tughlaq, who is with you. If he asks for two marks, you will tell me. Will you tell me about the shifting of capital, token currency? If you can tell me, then write in the comments and how many more People are enjoying this session once Please write that down, brother, please write that down once. Soon we are very good, now Delhi Sultanate What are the wealth and religious policies of Was it Pranav Sir? Wealth means money empire Where am I coming from? The Wealth Was Largely derived from plunder from there Military campaign. that wherever these people Wherever these people went, they vandalized, the military If campaigns are done then obviously it looks like a temple Broke, broke everywhere. So money in the temple It was a lot at that time. There is still a lot today. So the temple Broke the idols, broke all the gold and silver I brought it. So first of all wealth is coming from there Is. Second taxes levied on common people and Concord Region. Wherever these people went They kept imposing taxes here and there so that the money Give it to us. And this is a very important tax. This is what we will read about. right now this in the slide and that's in your number one Will ask. And what is the third point, sir? Slavery selling slaves in Central Asian Country. Brother, I am telling these people who is not able to buy and sell slaves I was very fond of it. So they used to buy and sell slaves. to Central Asia that brother we have He is a good slave. Take it away. And these slaves Who is it? These slaves are the same as where are carrying out military campaigns, are fighting There are people who lost their He brought the people and enslaved them and sold them. So they were all doing this and earning money from it. Now what were the religious policies, sir? Destroyed several Hindu Jain Buddhist Temples Motivated by Plunder and Iconoplasm Simple Bit of Iconoplasm It means children destruction of Breaking idols means something like that Break it down, so this is what they were all doing, right? And one thing which is very important, he They imposed Jizya which was very cruel. Tax. He asked you about the jizya tax. One number will ask if there was a tax on life What was it? This was the tax imposed on non-Muslims. It seemed to be on. pay attention to this Hear Jizya tax on non-Muslims It seemed that in exchange for protection and Exemption from military service. They say this Those who are non-Muslims, you tell us Pay taxes so that we can protect you. You If you don't pay us taxes, you're safe. Who will do it? So who is this Jizya tax on? Did it seem so? On non-Muslims. What In exchange? Protection and exemptions From Military Service. what so much Did you understand? Wealth is coming through looting. By selling slaves and in religious policies They destroyed many temples in India. and imposed GCR tax. From that also he started getting money. So much Did everyone understand the point? Let me know if it comes. now one A very dangerous man is coming On your slide. Ok? This which Mohammad bin Tughlaq was his son, wasn't he? The luck was really bad. Before that he Tried two experiments and failed. After that At this time, such a man was born in India. The one who came in and destroyed India And his name is Timur. Read Timur Barbaric. barbaric barbaric means cruel Turkic Mongol rulers who invaded India in 1398 During Mohammad Bin Tughlaq Reen. So from you One mark will ask that when Taimur If India was attacked then who was there at that time? Who was ruling India? Why was Mohammad bin Tughlaq doing this now? Sir, tell me what has happened in India? In his memories, his twofold objective Was this said for two reasons I I have come to India for the first time, the first was war. with infedals infedals means Children, Kafir means non-believer and Second Point to Gain Something by Plundering The Wealth of the Infidels. So this is what There are infidels who are non-believers first. So I have come to fight with them. I have come to kill them. I don't know what its It was turning around. and the other as many as I will loot all the money and this There was a lot of looting in India, lakhs of people People died when it entered India. So Remember, our history is very dark. Maybe no one will teach you. But Brother, we will definitely make sure of this. that my child is studying history It should be known correctly. So read on large numbers. Killed and enslaved many people, killed some people The City Was Left in Ruin Destroyed everything Timor soon withdraw From India with huge plunder leaving Chaos behind that friend, this man came and tore it apart that he killed people and enslaved people. This guy killed millions of people and everything. He went away after destroying everything and when he saw someone Attacked at the time of Mohammad bin Tughlaq At the time when it attacked, Mohammed Bin Tughlaq became weak and as soon as If Mohammad bin Tughlaq is weak then Syed and Lodi dynasty will come into the picture. So Watch His Attack Weekend The Tughlaq Dynasty What I told being the way for Syed and Lodi Dynasty. and Syed and Lori Your NCERT about Dynasty I don't have much mention, so we Don't read. These people are not much anyway He was not powerful. Then came Taimur Mohammad Bin Tughlaq was beaten and then he was killed. He did it and left. What's the story so far? Are you understanding? Tell me quickly. what so far Is everyone understanding the story? History is boring So it doesn't seem so, right? The movie is playing. Watch like a movie. Now the next heading is Resistance to Delhi Sultanate. Remember Until there is a link in my class Things won't be fun until then, my friend. What did you read on this light? that the Delhi Sultanate At what time were the Eastern Gangas East East In. Isn't it? and Hoysalas of India who were They were fighting against them in the South. So Now when we come to the resistance to Delhi Sultanate If you read, you will read about these two. And If I show you on the map, this is it Map of India. Zoom it in a bit I give it to you. Can you see it? Yes sir? Say. It is seen that No? Hey, tell me. Excellent. So this is the eastern part, this Is Eastern. Ganga Dynasty is fine, they will register Whom Sultan Sultanate Rule and this below Whatever you are looking at in the south will appear on the map. that the Eastern Ganga Tanists and Hoysalas Just mark it on the map and you will come here Hoisalas, okay, now we will talk about them. If you read then resistance to Delhi Sultanate In this we will talk about Eastern Gangas and Hoysalas. You will read that the Eastern Gangas were Hoysalas were in the East and South, so many You all must have understood the matter as much as I think. Very good. So first of all Let's look at the Eastern Ganga Kingdom. So I'm just telling you what's missing in it. Keep it, your work will be done and one mark will be given. MCQ will be made from here. The Kingdom Rule Over Kalinga. Kalinga is in Odisha, this is the same Odisha where Ashoka fought the Battle of Kalinga Was. The number of children seen in Odisha Tell me once. same present day Orissa in Some parts of Bengal and Andhra Pradesh. So The Eastern Ganga Dynasty was mainly She used to rule over Orissa. some parts There were also people from Bengal and Andhra Pradesh over which She used to rule. Most of the brothers here are on this Mark a star and get a standard of one number. There is a question. I'll have to talk to you later I didn't tell. The first was his most The Eastern Gangas were important rulers It was Narasimha Deva of Dynasty. Who? Narasimha Deva, the one who defeated the governor of Bengal. And he built the famous Surya The temple which we call Konarkasan Temple In Orissa. The number of children watching from Odisha There are as many children from Orissa watching a Tell me, is this the most common thing in your place? The famous Konark Sun Temple is not in a hurry If anyone is from Odisha please comment below. Sun Temple in Narasimha Deva Forest, Konark It was created by and it is a UNESCO World It is also a heritage site, brother, no small thing. If not, then if he asks you in MCQ So who built the Sun Temple of Konark? You tell them that Narasimha Dev has made the forest now. First of all, I read Sir Producer's The Eastern Ganga is Restored the Delhi Sultanate. Second Was Hosalas what I told you about South Were on the side. What happened here? the rule over Karnataka and rest attacks from the Delhi Sultan. So the Delhi Sultan used to come They used to attack from below but somehow these People thwarted his attack. Later, the Empire Weekend and they merged into Vijayanagar Empire. That means remember Pranab Sir 's favorite is an empire named Vijayanagar Empire. Because when Prerna Sir You were preparing for your UPSC, right? UPSC always asked a question from this. So My favorite empire is my Vijayanagara Empire. So these hostels were there when these weeks A new empire was formed there. Whose name was Vijayanagar Empire. hopes Yes, everyone must be understanding the story till now. Let's now resistance from independence It was a Sultanate. Some other people also where there was Sultanate The Delhi Sultans in India Was not under control. First Was Bahamani Sultanate Rose in the mid 14th century and Control much the much Declan for a while. So what Deccan is a part of India like me I will tell you A which is this region Listen carefully. This is called the Deccan part. I am from India. Ok? right here The Bahamani Sultanate was ruling. Ok? Did you understand? So the Bahamani Sultanate was ruling in the Deccan. Was. He had many times told the Sultan that and along with it the powerful Sultanate also Emerge in Gujarat, Bengal and other regions Which is leading to complex interplay Of Alliances and Frequent Wars. i.e That In different places in India Be it Gujarat or Bengal. over there Individual independent people, Independent families were emerging. and when She was standing up, so it's a simple matter brother. There will be a fight. So that's why it's happening here What was it? Frequent Wars. Part of Rajasthan also remains beyond the reach of Delhi Sultanate. And whenever we talk about Rajasthan If it happens then you remember Rana Kumbhaji. How many children from Rajasthan and Rana Kumbha ji Do you know? Tell me once in the comments. Rana Kumbhaji was the king of Mewar Kingdom. And he fought with the Delhi Sultanate many times. Fight and maintain your independence kept. So this is the fort you see. Kumbhalgarh Fort which is in Rajasthan Who will ask in MCQ for one mark Say if Rana Kumbha made it, then this is what Kumbhalgarh Fort is the one who built it, Pranat Sir, who made it? Rana Kumbha ji made it. Where were you from, Mewar, so now I have told you It was also told that against Delhi Sultanate Who all stood up? Holas stood up. The Bahamani Sultanate in the Eastern Ganges After that our Rana Kumbha ji also stood up Those who stood inside Rajasthan Kumbhalgarh Fort was built. So now Pranav Sir's My favorite topic has arrived, which is Vijayanagar. Empire. Read the first point. Harihara Oho Ye It is a very important name. Remember many times Will be useful in future also. Hariharan Bukka Established the Vijayanagara Empire in 1336. Variant 1 mark MCQs of Vijayanagar Who founded Empire? Harihara Bukka did it. In which year did you do it? Done in 1336. Now listen to a story. a story Listen, what is written behind? what is the story Is? Harihar Bukka was a great man. were the supreme military commanders. Ok? So A dynasty in Southern India at that time There used to be what we called Kakadias Dynasty. These people there are military Was a commander. Two brothers, both disasters. So what Mohammad bin Tughlaq when he was towards the South When he came, he fought against the Kakkadiya Kingdom. And defeated them and captured both of them. Made it. It is said that both of these He converted. After converting He said go and do whatever you want. One of these Harihar and Buk had a guru named Knowledge. You are mentioned in NCERT. So Vidya brought him back to Hinduism. I converted it and then told them That brother, I want you to build a huge empire Whose name is Vijayanagar Empires. So this The story was about my Harihar and Bukka. So this The Bahamani Sultanate of the Vijayanagara Empire Which I have just read to you. Their There was a lot of beef going on with it. A big fight is underway Like you do in school. Isn't it? To the north of Vijayanagara Empire. Bahamani Sultanate was a major rival. That means this is the most They were big enemies of the Vijayanagar Empire. But from these The Bahamani Sultanate was torn apart by fighting. Five. So those who were in the Vijayanagar Empire, right now In this we will read about Krishna Devaraya. What a huge contribution. So Vijayanagar The Empire and the Bahamani Sultans were enemies. Were. The Bahamani Sultans got with the times. Week. If it is a week then it is divided into five parts. What do we call that which is divided? Five Independent State which is known as Deccan Sultanate. Which are these five? whom we It is said that the Sultan of Bijapur, Golconda of, Virar, Ahmednagar and Vidar. So that See the map of the Bahamani Sultanate here. It was divided into five sultanates which We also call it Deccan Sultanate. Look at this Bijapur, Ahmednagar, Birdar, Golconda and Bidar. then it broke into five parts This Bamani Sultanate of yours. Does everyone care so much? Did you understand? Did everyone understand this much? Very Okay. Brother, mark a star on the slide. Star mark this slide. Question will form. It will definitely be made. two marks also It can be made, it can be made even for one mark. The Vijayanagara Empire Reach Its Speak Under It's the celebrated ruler who is Krishna Devaraya. Whenever we talk about the Vijayanagara Empire If it happens then this is our Krishna Devaraya You will always find them mentioned because He was the most important ruler of Vijayanagara. Vijayanagara Empire and during his time The empire reached great heights. only Expanded the Empire Through Military Success. So brother, this is a very good military There were also superior commanders. So this is where the attack They used to do it and win. So, in their time The Vijayanagara Empire grew. He Patternizes Poet and scholar which is in Sanskrit, Telugu and Kannada. So that means they have art and I was also very fond of literature. Children. All the scholars and poets were there which were Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Sanskrit Those who did their work in all this, they He also used to give money. And the next point is It is coming in your number one MCQ. Write it down now. One number MCQ. He himself composed an epic poem which Is non as amuk tamal yada. which is in Telugu language. Repeat with me. Name It is a bit awkward. He wrote a poem Whose name is so and so Tamal Yada. When I too If you used to study on your time, then it was my time too. But this question used to come many times to such and such Tamil. Who wrote Yadda? So tell the production It was said by Krishna Devaraya and written by Good In which language was it written? So speak Telugu Krishna in the Vijayanagara Empire Written by Devaraya. in Telugu language Written. Did you understand this much? Is that much Did you understand the point? Along with that, there's something else Was doing. He provided grants to Many temples which is included Tirupati And the temple of Tirupati is in Andhra Pradesh He donated a lot there. Vitthal Swami Temple and Inki On Inki Jo Vijayanagar Their capital was inside the capital that Well, children, that was Hampi. So Hampi's All the temples inside were of Vitthal There was a temple and he put a lot of emphasis on that too. Gave donation. So look at art and literature as well. Are in love. Money for the temple too Are giving. Even writing a poem myself Are. So how multitalented would he be? Our Krishna brother-in-law came. If there was a show If you have seen Tenali Raman, then Tenali Raman The kings that were shown in the Krishnadev Rai is what my children understand Did you understand what you said brother, this is also very important These are some of the things that are important You don't skip NCERT. And then in the exam you say, hey friend, this Look where it came from, one for the Vijayanagara Empire At that time, many people from outside came to Vijayanagar. Used to visit the Empire, what to leave behind It is written that the name of a foreign traveller Domingo Piña came from Puerto Portugal He is Portuguese, he came from Portugal. These That's where our Christians came from. Ronaldo Bhaiya plays. So from Portugal Here comes your Domingo piece. It will ask that Where was Domingo Peace from? So you say it Was from Portugal. And what did he say? It compared the Vijayanagara Empire to Rome. Did. Because the Vijayanagara Empire had so many There was happiness and prosperity like there is in Rome, Italy. So this thing is very important that Domingo When did the piece come? You tell them that Krishna Devar has come. Came on time. Where did you come from? porch It came from Portugal and established the Vijayanagara Empire. What did he do to Rome? Similar to Rome told. So I hope you all know by now You must be understanding. The story is going well. But as they say, every good thing comes to an end It happens my friend. Like what should I say now? Leave it. Then you will say Pranab Sir, farming should be done every day. So this beloved empire will also decline. Mark the star. asked in a number Will go. A Battle of Telekot takes place in 1565 Inside. These five sultanates were mentioned in it Neither do they fight in Ahmednagar. The The Deccan Sultanates formed a coalition and Defeated the Vizianagaram forces which was led Bye Ramraya. This Ram Rai who was He was the son-in-law of Krishnadev Rai. Now this much Was not powerful. So in the Battle of Telekota The drought of Vijayanagar Empire was cleared. So If he asks whether in Vijayanagar Empire Which battle ended the Vijayanagara Empire? So you said Battle of Telekot did it. When? Did? Done in 1565. After that the city was Sadd and Empire was ended. I hope so The story is going well so far. Now The Sultanate ended. The kingdoms of the South also I have seen it. Now the Mughals are coming to Hindustan Inside. Bhaiya Very Important Battle First Battle of Panipat. Remember to link it. How will you link the link? I told you After Tughlaq there were Sayyid and Lodi. So The last dynasty which was in Delhi Sultanate It was Lodhi Dynasty. Lodi The dynasty was not that powerful. So this is what You are seeing this Babar on the screen. Fergana is a place in Uzbekistan. It came from there and it formed a dynasty of the Lodi Dynasty. Fought with a ruler named Ibrahim Lodi and there the first battle of Panipat Where is Panipat? It is in Haryana. So the first battle of Panipat was fell between Ibrahim was against Babur and with Babur Lodi. Babar will win. Ibrahim Lodi Will lose. And from here Mughal rule started. Establishment will be done. So if he asks Which battle established Mughal rule? Let me know if it is established 1526 First Battle of Panipat and he introduces Gun Powder Field Artillery and Mash Guns in India. So, the cannons in India Wasn't it the first time he used it? In the First Battle of Panipat. And this is the first The Battle of Panipat was won. So this was Babur's Story. came to fight and the Mughal Empire Establishment. This was the first ruler Of the Mughals. His son will come after him. Humayun. So Humayun Whoever he is, he is Babar. Well, this Babar is here, isn't he? Don't mistake him for Babar Azam, he is Pakistan. This Babar is not the same one, that Babar is different. There is another one. okay so Babar and anyway Babar Whoever Azam is, the king is Virat Kohli. Brother, Babar died around 1530. After this his son is Humayun. Comes. It is not that strong. That's why I struggled to hold the empire. Together. Sir, what is happening? With this There will be a tragedy. There was a ruler whose name was Sher Shah Suri. A Powerful Afghan Leader Took Advantage. What advantage did he take, friend? Nothing good is happening with Humayun Work. So why don't I conquer Delhi? I will take it. So he established the Sur Empire over Large part of North India. So one of its There is a battle. With whom? With Humayun Humayun is defeated. So this is for a while To establish our rule over many parts of India He starts ruling. But then Humayun Brother, I feel it is necessary to make a comeback now. Is. Later Humayun soon reconquered the loss Ground. That means Humayun comes after him. Is. Then they have a battle and Humayun Wins. So this was the story of Humayun. It is a simple story. There's a bit more to it Not knowing. Well, it's coming after Akbar. Well, before Akbar, you have one thing It is very important to tell. Hemu, remember the name of this person. Hemu. Its His full name was Hemchandra. Vikram Aditya. If I ask you in the comments May I ask you when was the first battle of Panipat? Hui? I would also do a quick recap. I will stay with you. When was the first battle of Panipat? Hui? Speak fast. Hmm very good. 1526 Between whom did it happen? Tell me quickly. Quick Very good. Between Babur and Ibrahim Lodi Hui. Who won? Soon we Very good. Babar won. Mughal Empire Made it. After this there will be the second battle of Panipat which is in 1556. This Hemchandra will stand on one side Vikramaditya and Akbar will stand on one side and Akbar is 13 years old when this fight takes place. If he is fighting then Akbar is obviously a child. If it happens then Akbar will fight, otherwise Akbar There is a Bairam Khan with him who is very loyal. He fights on behalf of Akbar, then read Hemu A Clever Military Commander and a Minister Under a Suri ruler captured Delhi to this The same Sher Shah Suri who was there, he had a Very clever and powerful military He was a commander, he said, brother, whatever is there now The Mughals do not have much power. Akbar is also small and Humayun is gone. Why Nor should I conquer Delhi and become king. But one of his dreams will not be fulfilled. Because the Second Battle of Panipat will take place here Which is in 1556. very very very Importent. will ask the second battle of Between whom did Panipat take place? On one side is Akbar 13 Of the year. Vikramaditya is on one side. Akbar's Bahram Khan is fighting from his side. And this battle Who will lose in this? Akbar's Forces Defeated Hemu. Hemu will lose. and the Mughal rule in India was firmly established. From here The Mughal rule that would begin in India That very powerful Mughal rule will begin. This battle will decide when Who will rule inside India? So now Akbar is doing it. Now let us read about Akbar. And from here the question is 110% I said Read. At the Age of 13. I just told you when that battle The Second Battle of Panipat was taking place. when are you Was it happening? It was happening in 1556. along with Have to remember. Akbar became King and Expanded the Empire. So, that means Akbar who He became a Mughal at the age of 13. Aperr. And what did he do first? Brother This is very important, very very important There is a battle. One is happening in Chittorgarh battle. What is happening in the fight, Pranab Sir? Tell me this. It was fought between Akbar and Kingdom of Mewar. So this Mewar is you You will listen many times. Now when our Maharana Pratap, in this also you are Mewar You will hear a lot about it. So Akbar and There is a war going on between the kings of Mewar. What happens inside 1568? Mughal Army Captured the fort and Akbar ordered the Massacre of some 30 ounce civilians and their Surviving Women and Children Enslaved. So what does Akbar do? when this If he wins, he would have killed these three people. at the same time and says that the women who They are children, they should be made slaves. So Our Rajput women said that we do not accept slavery even if sir Get it cut. So read Rajput Women Committed Jauhar which is burning themselves. These All the children who are watching from my Rajasthan Yes, tell me. What is Jauhar, my children? Listen now. As Rajput women knew. If If they capture us then obviously Everyone knows what will happen after that. So He said it would be better to give up our lives. Just give it up. So all of them committed Jauhar That means I lit a lamp myself so that brother, someone It is better that we are one than falling into someone else's hands. Die a respectable death. what happens now? Akbar's heart changes. Akbar says friend, I got so many people killed. Given. Why am I doing all this? So Akbar Now he is also doing some good work. What to do Used to be? Despite being illiterate. said so It is said that Akbar was not educated. Akbar was keen to explore Persian and Indian Text. This important question from here will form. Mahabharata, our Mahabharata, this Translates into Persian language And its name in Persian language is Rajmanma brother Verient he will ask you that Mahabharata which is translated to Persian What is that language called, you say What did Dena Rajm Namam Pranav Sir tell you? It is called Razmnama only after that Establish matrimonial alliances with Rajput means those people who were Rajputs He used to marry her and abolished Jizya tax, this is the same Jizya tax. which is being imposed on non-Muslims If you want protection, pay the money. So he removed that promoted Sulh Kul. Sulh Kul means Absolute Peace. Tolerance for every religion, every faith, everything We are tolerant, we will tolerate, so this has I made such a thing that my family could be settled, brother. Everyone is equal, no matter what religion one belongs to. So first of all he did something else here. After his heart changed, he did all this. and also appointed Hindu Hindu Officials in Higher Positions and Others in Bold Reforms. Akbar Expanded and Stabilized Has Empire Even Giving The Support Of Many Rajput ruler. So many Hindu rulers to Hindu officials in high positions He kept it inside his kingdom. So this story It belonged to Akbar. Now if I ask you a question I will take it and you answer that the Translation of Mahabharata in two persons is known As what? Answer quickly, quickly. Soon we Hurry up brother. Yes sir. What is Mahabharata called in Persian? Is? I shouted and said, "Abe!" I am not a Hamzanama. yes what is the statement This question of Rajmnama will come in the exam. Let us now give birth to the next generation Let's also read about it. about these There is nothing much in it. Look Babar, Babar Humayun's son, Humayun's son Akbar, Akbar's son Shah Jahan, O Jahangir, Jahangir Shah Jahan is the son of Shah Jahan Aurangzeb. So the son of Akbar was Jahangir. Shared with his father a love for art and Architecture. So during the time of Jahangir The one with art and architecture was Mughal Empire he read a lot and tried to Expand the Empire into the lid. which lid He told that he fought in the region where of. He started expanding his empire. There is nothing special about them. After that Jahangir's son Shah Jahan did the same. Shah Jahan who built the Taj Mahal for Mumtaz Had given. And what will you make? tell me hm What will you make? He built the Taj Mahal. You What will you make? Yes. So Shah Jahan was famous for was famous for building Taj Mahal at Agra. This time period was the peak of Mughals Architecture. So Shahjahan Bhai Saheb has No? Taj Mahal was built in the memory of Mumtaz. So all this was going on. There's something special here This was not happening during his time period. So now the villain of the picture is coming whose name is This is Aurangzeb. What is this man doing now? Now you Reading. Look, I just told you who is Akbar's son? Jahangir. Who is Jahangir's son? Shah Jahan Who is Shahjahan's son? Aurangzeb. So what Shahjahan had almost four children. Is No? There were four boys. So on that which is the biggest His name was Dara Shikoh. and Shah Jahan I wanted Dara Shikoh to be the Mughal emperor after me. Became an Aper. But Aurangzeb liked this. She did not come and she got Dara Shikoh killed. Read. This is saying the same point. Shah Jahan Wanted Eld Son Dara Shiko to become a rapper. Aurangzeb killed his brother and imprisoned His Father Shah Jahan, what I was saying, that this In an attempt to get his own dad Vad killed. Is. So he said, I will not become king. This cannot happen. So first your brother Got Dara Shiko killed. He was a great Sufi man. They. After that he told his dad i.e. Shah Jahan was imprisoned so that if anyone filed a case against me If you do, I will not spare anyone. And Shahjahan will die there. Ok? Aurangzeb expanded the Mughal Empire to its Greater extent he fot long wars in Cap. So brother, this was definitely cruel. Now we Will read further. And this is quite a lot in the lid etc. There was quite a fight going on in the lid. Mughal It expanded the empire considerably. Did. The fighter defeated many people and He also did evil deeds which I will tell you. I will tell you after three-four slides. to whom Seeing and hearing this will definitely make you angry, brother. What did he do? He gradually band practices which he regards as an Islamic. That is, those who are against Islam Yes, he used to say that music and dance are Not allowed. And it again imposed jizya Taxes were imposed on non-Muslims and their A Pilgimage Tax was also imposed on Hindus. For who used to go to his secretary's place. I just told you that Akbar abolished the Jizya tax. Is No? taken for protection reimposed it and since then Pilgrimage Tax means if a Hindu If you want to go to your religious place then You will have to pay tax for that. So He was doing all this. He Destroyed Many Temples in India variant Kashi, Vishwanath, Mathura has many temples Break it inside India. and later on Aurangzeb's Policies and Continuous War Weekend the Mughal Empire and after his death the The Empire Started Declining Rapidly. It is said that my friend, one does as one pleases. He suffers the same way. So when it dies If this happened, the entire Mughal Empire would have declined. So this was the story of Aurangzeb. I hope so You all must have understood it easily. what do you understand I? Mother, very good. So like we did in Delhi I had read Resistance on Sultanate. Whose? Memory do it. Link to my class. Eastern Hoysalas down in Ganga East, Bahamani Sultanates in the Deccan. In the same way, the Mughal Resistance was also given against it. First of all Our Jat Present Rebellion i.e. Jat brothers and Jat farmers are against them Rebelled. Read. Jats in the 17th century Presents in present day Western North State. Tell me who all are from Uttar Pradesh Is? Haryana and Eastern Rajasthan Rebelde Against the harsh Mughal rule. So some of these There were many such policies like demolition of temples were doing, were doing this. So the Jat peasants Rebelled against them. they killed an Oppressive Mughal Officer to Protest Exploitation. So this Mughal officer was one He was exploiting me a lot. So They beat him up. Give Vote a Battle with 20,000 men against the Mughal army but They were defeated and their leader was killed. So these people fought against the Mughals. Fought a battle. 20,000 people were killed in this way by the Mughals. The army was very big, man. So this is obviously could not defeat him and their rebellion It was crushed by the Mughal army. What Did you understand? Did you understand? Quick Say. Very good. Second is Tribal Group Resistance. Tribes like Bhil, Gond, Santhal & Coach. The Registered Mughal Attempts to Take Their Land and Impose Taxes. That is, our tribes Even today these tribes give us India It is visible. Bhil tribe, Gond Be it a tribe, its example in the next slide Will come. So they also tried hard to When these Mughals came to their place, their They were taking the land as their meaning by imposing tax. If he was there, then these people also fought against him that No brother, don't do this to us. He also fought against the Mughals. Some were subdued, that is, some were Mughals. The army crushed the Mughal Empire because It was very big, my children, they had so much There was an army of thousands and lakhs, so much money was there How could these poor people win and some joy the Mughal Some people felt that the Empire, brother At least become a friend of the person you cannot defeat. is less than that but those in Forest Hills and Remote Areas Kept Some Independence. i.e that which is right in the hills, which is right Forest in the village in the areas on that side There was, also for the Mughal army that was there It was very difficult to go. So he gave them Somewhere I kept my meaning of independence. More So no, but and hilly reasons were difficult. For Mughal rulers to fully control. i.e That the more you go up, friend. You get into more trouble that way. So In some parts, tribal groups Resisted it. Some have joined, some We lost and got some small independence. Maintained. And in this series, the most Important comes the variant Rani Durgavati Resistance to. Bhaiya Rani Durgavati was a Queen of Garha Kingdom. A Gond Kingdom. Now! Gond tribe was taught here. that's why Rani Durgavati of Garha Kingdom She was the queen. And They Ruled Wisely Making Her Kingdom Prosperous. So rule this out easily It was mine. They have 20,000 soldiers and There were 1000 elephants. And he did this many times when the Mughals If you come to defeat him in his empire, then many I faced them bravely once. and a very What work did he do? In 1564 he led Her Troops Against R Akbar's General Fighting Bravely Despite Being Outnumbered. Imagine she was fighting against Akbar's general. Against and his army were very large. their The army was very small. Even After She Was Wounded. He was injured. She Took Her Own Life at the Age of 42 Avoids Capture. Imagine he said this at the age of 40. Should I lose to them or should they enslave me? Take it. I would rather kill myself I will take it. And salute to their brewery. used to do. Her Brewery Made Her Assemblage Of Resistance and pride. Here is our queen Durgavati. What a big deal, my children. Think about how big a deal it is that a woman has He gave his life to save his kingdom. It is such a big thing. Ok? Now Bhaiya very important. Rajput Resistance. Whenever there is talk of Rajput The biggest face of resistance will rise. Our Maharana Pratap will come. Those from Mewar Our ruler was Maharana Pratap, give refuge to accept Mughal suzerainty and become the Face of Rajput Resistance. That means that He told me your superiority It is not acceptable brother. I am under you I am not. So that's why it will be between him and Akbar battle. Ok? Where is the fight taking place? Verient brother. Very very. Battle of Haldighati 1576 asked in your exam Will go. The Battle of Haldighati in 1576 was for Between Maharana Pratap vs Mughal Army Led by Mansingh. So Akbar himself participated in this battle. Did not come. Your Very Superior Military Sent to Commander Mansingh. very fierce war broke out. Alldo the Mughal army had the upper Hand Maharana Pratap survived. Maharana Pratap could not defeat him. This is somehow He was saved because his army was very big. And They Continued Guerrilla Warfare Against the Mughals. Look at the meaning of this word Understand what? Guerrilla warfare. Because When I read you the third chapter, Rise Of Marathas, I have told you many times in that You have to hear this term many times. will get. So learn it from now. Gorilla Warfare, my children, means that When the enemy is coming into your territory. You attack him immediately. to understand him Don't give it a chance. You will immediately attack him Then he will be stunned. that is called is guerrilla warfare and he also Received support from Bhil Tribe and Joy His trooped as Archer. so Maharana Pratap The Bhil tribe supported him a lot. Did. He was a very good archer He also passed it to Maharana Pratap. Supported. Then ask about the Battle of Haldighati. So will you tell me between 1576 Mansingh and whom? Between Maharana Pratap. Now let us Coming towards the Northeast. of the North East Sir, you have told me about all the places. just one What was happening in the North East? Tell. Look, leave behind what is written now? Written on the back is A Home A Home Kingdom. How many? Are the children from Assam? Please comment once Brother. How many children are from Assam? Once Comment. Quickly, quickly, quickly, comment. Let us tell you. So kids, I am watching. Ok. Correct Is. Excellent. So what happens in Assam? My children? There is a home kingdom. These These people migrate from Myanmar You must have come to India. and this These people in the Brahmaputra Valley i.e. Assam They become permanently settled. then they ruled Over Brahmaputra Valley region in Assam. If He might ask, oh where from? A to Ahom A to Assam. Give Introduce very variant pie system. Also called Pika system, also Pike system They say. Where People Provided Military and Labour Service to the State. So here These people are doing a very unique system. What are you doing? They introduce the pie System. What is happening to Pi's system? Is? People Provided Military and Labor Service to the State. Ok? what happened now Here? Big important battle here What we call the Battle of Sarai Ghat. There are a lot of battles here. Don't get confused between Haldighati and Sarai Ghat. Happen. Haldighati 1576. Sarai Ghat that year 1671. 1576 1671. Say it again and again, say it again and again, remember it Will go. The Ahoms defeated the Mughals in the Battle of Saragarh. Bhaiya very very very Verient Bhaiya that these were the Mughals of the Mughals To whom did the army lose? From Ahom. and Ahom Who was leading the army? The one in the middle of your screen The name is Lachit Bor Pukhan. Very legendary He was a fighter. The Battle Was Led by Lachit Bor Pukhan. A Great Ahom General. ultimately the Ahoms were able to preserve their Independence. This is the same targeted Borphukan Whose name is our Prime Minister Shri Narendra Damodar Das Modi ji in Assam in 2024 A huge statue was unveiled. So big He was the supreme military commander, brother. People. The Ahom Was Killed in Again by Gorilla Warfare. Remember this is guerrilla warfare. Told that just when the enemy enters your territory I came. You should immediately attack him and There was no chance to recover. and they Successfully registered Mughal invention. So Brother, remember this in Ahom Battle of Sarai Ghat 1671 Who won this battle and who fought in Ahom Who is Lachit Bor Phukan Asha from the Ahom side I hope everyone understands the story so far. It will happen now brother, leave what is written behind. Because now my temperature is going to be high and It will be yours too, what is written on the back 4 I will tell you the entire story of Sikhism in a minute. And just one child please, just one at this moment Baby, no comments at all, listen. What is happening inside Sikhism? Rise of Six. Ok? which is our Sikhism, its It was started by Guru Nanak Dev Ji. Who? Guru Nanak Dev Ji. So Within Sikhism we find 10 Gurus. see you. Ok? who was the first guru of His name was Guru Nanak Dev. He only Started Sikhism and it was very beautiful. He gave the message within Sikhism. What did he give me brother, the first thing he did Said that there should be equality. That means every A person may belong to any caste, any Whichever religion one comes from, it is equal. He He said, humans should have compassion. And he has a very sweet message inside. The lamp whose name is Ek Omkar. meaning of one Forest. Omkar means your God. So He said that everyone has the same God. Is. But with their future generations What will Jahangir and Aurangzeb do? Hearing this Your blood will definitely open it, my friend. Correct Is? So I have told you till here. if he Ask who started Sikhism? Teacher Nanak Dev Ji did it. Ok? His message What happened was that everyone is equal. Now comes the story Look at our 10 Sikh Gurus No need to remember. Ok? who are you speaking That is important. The first Sikh Guru was Vaz Guru. Nanak Dev. who was our fifth Sikh Guru Listen carefully. who is our fifth Sikh There was a Guru, his name was Guru Arjun Dev Ji. What? Guru Arjun Dev Ji. So this Guru Arjun is Devji. When these occur In Sikhism at that time, what was happening in India He who rules is called Jahangir. Listen to the story carefully. So this Jahangir has a son named It is Khusro. What happens? Khusro would have Is. So he is following his dad i.e. Jahangir. rebels against. Jahangir got this It becomes known that my son Khusro If he is behind setting my fielding then Jahangir would have issued a warrant for his arrest. Is. Now this child goes away scared and this fear Our Fifth Sikh Guru, whose The name is Guru Arjun Dev Ji's refuge. In. Guru Arjun Dev Ji took him under his protection. Let's take it. Brother, he thinks Jahangir That this Guru Arjun Dev Ji is the one who He is the one who provoked my son. Against So what does it do? get them killed Gives. Jahangir gets the Guru killed To Arjun Dev ji. Let me come back with one more. Who There are six Sikh Gurus, we mean five. Guru Vaz Arjun Dev Ji, the fifth Sikh Guru. Six Sikh Gurus were Guru Hargobind Ji. He means sons, this is Arjun Dev ji. Of. The Sikh Guru who is Guru Hargobind. When he sees his father's death, he feels like So he starts training in martial arts. Are inside the Sikh Army. A Sikh army Let us make one which will fight the Mughals. But The worst thing is happening now which is happening in India. This is the darkest chapter of history. What? The ninth Sikh Guru was Guru Tegh Bahadur. Bahadur ji. He had Kashmiri Pandit help. They come to ask. He is a Kashmiri Pandit. Who were expelled from Kashmir in 1990. Strange tortures were given. So even at that time He was being persecuted when Guru Tegh Bahadur Yes, he is the ninth Sikh Guru in Sikhism. Were. So Kashmiri Pandit Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji and say that we need religion We are being discriminated against on the basis of. Take us under your protection and when Guru Teg If Bahadur ji takes you under his protection then this Aurangzeb does not like this. Aurangzeb Guru Teg Bahadur Ji gets them arrested. gives them a strange journey. He tortures. He also says that his Change your religion. spare your life Give. Te Bahadur ji says that his sir I will get it cut but will not change my religion. And Many people inside Chandni Chowk Chandni Chowk As many of you may know about I am from Delhi. Inside Chandni Chowk It is a very important Gurudwara. right there This Aurangzeb is of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji. Dhar separates the head from Dhar. So this was it Their story. Now read it. wrote all this the same Is. We have written all this as I told you. Ok? So this was their story. And when this If he gets him killed, then he is the last Sikh Guru. The name of the 10th Sikh Guru is Guru Govind Singh ji. Guru Gobind Singh Ji Let us start with the Khalsa sect. These It is important, he will ask. of the Khalsa sect It begins in 1699. When does it happen? In 1699. Sir, what is this Khalsa Panth? Khalsa It means pure. The meaning of cult was It is a community. So such a community of Sikhs Which is very pure, which is the answer to injustice She knows how to give. Who is quite responsible for his actions That's more. So let's start with this Guru Gobind Singh Ji was the last Sikh Guru and If he asks where the Khalsa Panth originated Who did it? Then tell me Guru Govind Singh Ji who was the last Sikh Guru. Hope I love the story so far. You must have understood. And a very important thing He will also ask you this in the exam. Just like Islam has the Quran, There is a Bhagavad Gita in Hinduism. in the same way From Sikhism which is their secret There is a text which is a holy text, its name is is the Guru Granth Sahib and it is read for the first time It was compiled by Guru Arjun Dev Ji and This is the same Guru Arjun Dev Ji who was the Fifth Sikh He is the Guru whom Jahangir orders to be killed. So If he asks you about Guru Granth Sahib Who compiled it for the first time? So tell me Dena fifth to Guru Guru Arjun Dev Ji and Letter on Guru Tegh Bahadur Yes, he is the ninth Sikh Guru. I will write it down. These are the nine Sikh Gurus. These are followed by their hymes. Of Guru Granth Sahib. So this was Sikhism. You must have understood the story. Now the chapter Brother, I am reaching the end. So this Saw the Delhi Sultanate. Mughal Sultanate Mughal Looked at the apparer. So this is Delhi Sultanate vs. Mughal Administration A question on it It seems your NCERT mentions it a lot. that the administration in the Delhi Sultanate How was the day to day work and Mughal Read about Delhi administration. The beginning of the Sultanate was told in 1206 when It was 1526, do you remember the date? First Battle of Panipat Babur Ibrahim Lodi Similarly, the Mughal Empire from 1526 to 1707 He had gone further but when Aurangzeb died If he goes then something special happens to him after that. No, what is the first point saying here? Sultan was the ruler of Delhi Sultanate here They used to say here that there is a Mughal emperor. No, here Sultan is saying it, Emperor is saying it. This is the variant from here brother, I call it I will explain, don't worry, there was one System for Revenue here was Mansabdari And sub system for revenue these two pay The question will come on either of the two. Very good details will come on the next slide If I tell you, the revenue here i.e. How will the collection be done through the Iqta system? There will be more Iqtadars from Mansabdari who are now I will explain it very well now. Understand here that Iqtadar is collected Taxes and Troops. Mansabdar here Maintain Troops. So the work here is The Mansabdar is doing it here. Give Var Weak and Decentralized. Husband's younger brother Strong and centralized. They are based on Sharia Law. They were based on Sharia and Imperial Rules. The nobles who were here He was a high official and had more power. Here the nobles had less power. So if He may ask you in one number whose The administration was more centralized. Was more efficient then you absolutely eye It was Mughal's to shut up and say it. So the Mughal The administration was more Centralized and more He was efficient as compared to Delhi Sultan. Now Sir, you said that Iqtadari system and Firstly, you taught the Mansabdari system. What is it Well? This question will be asked to you in the exam. Will ask. Understand it very easily. Iqta System or Iqtadari System It Was Introduced By Delhi Sultans in Delhi Sultanate. You will write the first point if that unity The system will ask above. I am telling you this What happens? Ekta Was Nothing But Land Assignment. Ita means land. Simple thing Whatever this Delhi Sultan has, whatever the whole Those were small territories It was divided into. So the unity that used to happen Land. Ok? This is the second point. Now this Who is getting the land product sir? These The powers that be are being given. who is the initiator Sir? To officers or noble higher officials Itedar used to say. Ekta Land This Land Mill The news is being shared. Now Sir, why this land? Are you getting it? To collect the revenue. Very Very very good that brother gave them land. spoke Brother, collect money from people in this and Give that to the Sultan. So whoever lands this money Sultan used to give the money he used to generate from to go. And whatever money they had left was He used to keep it with himself. He Revenue taken. Some part to the Sultan Gave. He was running his household with whatever was left. Now What did this sir do? They maintain Soldier and They served in Sultan's Army. What would have happened? Whenever there is an attack on another country and its honour Look, the Sultan's army is outnumbered or The Sultan's army was not as coordinated. Is. So these people who were entitled to money He saved his revenue from it and gave it to his soldiers. These people used to maintain etc. and sometimes If Sultan says, brother, come quickly. There's a fight like there would be at your place. If they are in school, they go to serve them. Okay, so this was your Idari system. First, is insured revenue collection a Land di means you collect revenue from land. Do that, give that money to the Sultan, whatever money you get from him Maintain your troops with what's left. Okay and noble gain power but could rebel That is, this is what we see when You trust someone too much, don't you? He withdraws it here too at some places. If this had happened then if he had trusted you Or if Ekta System asks, you will tell me that Ekta was nothing but land which was given to Iqtedar who are higher officials. What They Used to Do They Used to Collect Revenue retained some part of it and its Later he would give some money to the Sultan. An army soldier used to maintain it and whenever Whenever the Sultan needed him, he would come. Used to go. Ok? Did you understand? Okay, very good. Now Sir Mansabdari System Variant First Point. Introduced by Akbar. Very It is important. Remember. in a number He will ask who brought the Mansabdari system? Sir Akbar brought it. Now Sir, as if there is Iqta It meant land. The meaning of Mansab is also It lands. No no no no. Meaning of Mansab It is a rank or position. rank or position It was called Mansab. So when these were mansabs So mansabdars were obviously officers and Mansab is allotted to them i.e. Some are higher officials in rank, some are lower than this. He is a small official, someone is a smaller official than him. Is. So these were the Mansabdars. Some are older, some Then smaller ones, then some smaller than that. So Mansab Waz Rank. Now what were they to do? These too Was called upon to collect revenue That brother, collect the revenue. and they were Paid in estate. The meaning of estate is Land. So they were given land. So They used to extract a lot of meaning from it. Money-like that. And in some places they get money was also given. Sometimes trees were planted in the estate. It was done. Sometimes he even gave them money. used to go. These people also did the same work. Maintain Soldiers and Serve Above in the Military. The same thing is happening here as well It is happening there. The only difference is that they Sometimes salary was also given in cash. There The point is to collect land revenue. Keep whatever is left with you. This and whatever The bigger the Mansabdar, the more money he has. So here also they have to insure a Strong Army and They Have to Link Revenue with Military Services is not Brother, the money that is coming will be the same here too. that if ever there is a need for a fight, brother Mansabdar, please come to help the king. So this was the big important slide here. It is coming brother, very important Important Terms in Mughal Administration I will ask for one mark, first Vaj di One Pranav Sir had said what is a man worth? A man is crazy, he is crazy about money Is. Isn't it? So remember Diwan as crazy. Whom does a man go crazy about? of money. So Diwan jo hota tha it took care of Finances. Finances means money. Correct Is? Diwan Diwan. Crazy about whom? of money. Money means finances. Remember it like this. seconds Waz Mir Bakshi. Mir Bakshi Was Used to See Military Matters. Matters. Military. See M for Mir M for Military. Remember it like this. M for Mir M for Military. M to Mir M From the military. So the one who was Mir Bakshi He looked after military affairs. After that To whom is the Khan-e Samman award given? Those who do public work or remember those who Do good work related to agriculture etc. Pay attention. Isn't it? So that's for us It is respectable. So eat respect was the Incharge of Public Works and Agriculture. And this is Bhaiya Sadar. By the way, its full name It is not given in your NCERT. Sadar That far says and this was the chief Religious Officer. So if that Diwan asks Pranav Sir said that a man is crazy. Whose money means finance Mir Bakshi said M for Mir, M for Military He gave respect to the matter being eaten who goes to do public work focuses on agriculture and so on and In the end, Sir, please remember that Chief The religious officer has come, I understood this much. I understood this much, tell me, it's very good. Now brother, this is very important, Todarmal Bhai. Sir, very important Todarmal Bhai Sahib This Raja Todarmal He was Akbar's finance minister. As Our Prime Minister is Narendra Modi. Now tell us about our finances in the comments. What is the name of the minister? Quick Our What is the name of the finance minister? Very Okay. Nirmala Sitharaman ji. Wow. that's it Was Akbar the Finance Minister. Who? These Toderman. It did one very good thing. only Conducted land and crop yield survey. That is, all the lands in the Mughal territory etc., he got it surveyed. survey But what he said was that friend, there is some land. From where good crop yield is taking place. There is a good harvest. decreasing somewhere Is. So it conducted a survey that Where is there land where crops are grown? It's getting better. and he determined Prices for each crop. So that means someone In a place where there is not much cropping Product productivity is less there Do that over there. Where there is a very good harvest If it is happening then the prices there will be in that manner. Keep it from So this system boosted the revenue Collection of Mughal State. So he said the same thing friend that money has to be increased but the farmer We have to think about them too. Now the poor girl that the crop is not doing well and you are If you are going to collect it then it is from somewhere else We didn't talk, my child. so this is Todarmal Bhai Saheb had a revenue system. Now brother, the last chapter has come, the last one. Part. The chapter was long but I'm done with it now. I am living comfortably. So sir, I have read everything. I have read about the Sultanate, I have read about the Mughal Empire. Took. Ok? I read Akbar and Wakbar. Now tell me how are people's lives? It was at that time. First read Economics Activities. India's Economy Flourishes. See Some of them did wrong and some of them did right. Did. So the economy of India was Flourished big due to agriculture. That time People used to do a lot of agriculture. Even today Many people in India do agriculture. Are. Craft and trade artists were people, Trade etc. was taking place in India Inside. Isn't it? Decentralized system like Categories means guilds. Variant. Variant. It will ask for a number of categories. What happens? This association was Merchant of people who are also called guilds Were. He used to do his work well. So if he asks for the category then the category It means guild. Guild means Association of Different-Different Merchants. After that castes i.e. profession based communities that are working for Accordingly, it was divided into castes. credit System and supported well. That means that Loans were also given. So this is complete Economic activities used to take place. Second Was Infrastructure development brother. Delhi Sultan built roads, bridges, canals and Cities. I want to tell you one thing here forgot. This Sher Shah Suri was Humayun It was time for me. He owned the GT Grand A trunk road was built. Pakistan Pakistan That flower used to reach till. So when these people came He built many roads and bridges. Built, built canals, built cities. End During the Mughal Period Silver, Rupee and copper dam as currency was Introduced. So he did this also. Thirdly, agriculture was the main source of Income. What? Agriculture is the most major source of There was income. and Rulers Collected Land Revenue ranging from 1/5 to one half off The Total. That means 1 to one half of the total. Same Where better than Raja Todarmal's system Crop productivity is increasing, where it is less It is happening. According to that, these people earn revenue Used to take. Isn't it? Due to the availability of Irrigation facilities and the production of crops It's true age, isn't it? Barley, pulses, Sugarcane Becomes Easier. So that means water The arrangement was quite good. Irrigation The facilities were quite good. So, more than that There is a lot of help here to see them. Found it. To grow these crops. However, patients often face famine. Famine It means drought. Isn't it? There may be a famine. and the relief provided During such times depended on the Kindness of the Ruler. that friend, if somewhere There is poverty, there is nothing to eat anywhere. So it depends on the ruler how much It is much better. How much he loves his people Thinking about it. Ok? fourth point Was Craft and Trade. Isn't it? Art and Business. Isn't it? It has also played an important role Roll in the economy. Artisans Produce a Variety of goods such as weapons. Weapon Used to make. Utensis Home Furnishings, Jewellery Isn't it true that we wear those ships etc. Used to make. Coastal towns like many. Calicut and Surat are the major centres of Trade. that is, the coastal towns that Were right on the coast coastal boundaries The one who was in Calicut was much better than the one who was in Surat. There was a lot of trade. doing export Were. exported to other countries Goods and silk were brought to their country, Horses. and other luxury items and the hundi System Help Merchant to Transfer Money for Safely Across Borders. This hundi is the last one I will explain in the slides. From this The question will come. So what was the Hundi system? We will read this in the next slide. Isn't it? Now brother, what was happening in the temple etc.? Temples de Var Economic Centers. Temples Varant Economic Centres and They Acted as Hubs for Markets, Learning and Trade. So worship in temples is not necessary. There used to be a party. People used to meet and interact. All this kept happening. Isn't it? and they were Funded by land grants and wealth Donations from rulers. So many who They were rulers, they used to give donations etc. No, like I told you about Krishna Devaraya. Krishna Devaraya kept giving and taking. Isn't it? So all this and temple managers use these Funds for Developing Irrigation. Isn't it? Irrigation facilities should be good. Build tanks Go to temples and dharamshalas. Dharamshala where People sleep. Isn't it? Many more The Dharamshala is still there today. It was made at that time also. And last is economic hardship. that friend Did people have money, sir? So read it. By the late 1600s heavy taxes left Peasants with Very Little Produce Leading To the Loss of Land and the Rise of Bonded Labor. What happened? By 1600, the tax was It was used extensively by farmers Above. What would that have done? One of the poor There was not much farming. from above him What happened to the high taxes? These Lost his landwand and this poor loon I kept taking, I kept taking, but I could not reap what I had. So they are called bonded labourers i.e. big labourers. Which is a very wrong thing. Craft People and labourers also face harsh Economic Conditions Frequent Worses Further Displays People and Verse in Their Lives. That means there was a lot of war, friend. And whenever If there is a war, it is obvious, isn't it? People will be displaced. People will die Will be released. So all these economic hardships People were watching. Ok? Now the chapter is going on It is over. So I said Hundi Explain I will explain what a hundi is. Bhaiya Hundi There was nothing. But this is one mark from you. I will definitely ask. Hundi was an old Paper document used by traders. What Did it happen? Like this guy. Isn't it? This we Will compare with the check. There is a bill of exchange Near this. A sheet of paper is a sheet of paper in which It is written 5000. Understand with an example. So If he wants to buy something or take something, Let us assume that this bill is for Rs 5,000. This will give to another man and accept him He will take it and things will continue. like today's What happens on a date? We cut a check. Isn't it? So check obviously if you have 1 lakh You are giving a check to someone, you are buying something. Or are you gifting something to someone? yes. So you gave a cheque of Rs 1 lakh. But 1 Even if you have lakhs in your account Needed I didn't just write a cheque of Rs 1 lakh. Gave. So the cheque that we cut and send Gave. Similarly, Hundi also works in the same way. used to say that there was a document in it There used to be an amount. If he gives business to people to do, to trade, to buy something, He would give a bill of exchange and his work would be done. Was. So it was used by traders in Ancient India while Czechs are modern Document used in banks. So if we If we want to compare Hundi and cheque, we can Can compare. Ang is ancient Hundi was in use during medieval times. here The check was running. So brother, the chapter is over. End. These are the three homework assignments. question ok Is? I want the answer to all this. And a little more Tell me in the comments about today's class, friend. How did you like it? Did you enjoy the class? In class, you felt like you were going to learn something new today. Have gone to. I didn't study history anyway Whatever else we are taught, we are taught. So I hope I have done my best Applied intensity. This chapter is enough for you. would have liked. You solve a lot of things It must have happened. So on this note, I am going to start today's I end the class. All these notes You will find the next topper junior On the Foundation's Telegram channel. So I See you very soon with Rise of Marathas. Till then take very good care of yourself.